allow for (...)

χωρέω fut. χωρήσω; 1 aor. ἐχώρησα; pf. κεχώρηκα (Just., Tat., Ath.) (Hom.+)

① to make movement from one place or position to another, go, go out/away, reach (Trag. et al.; pap)

ⓐ lit. (Just., A I, 19, 5 εἰς ἐκεῖνο χωρεῖν ἕκαστον ἐξ οὗπερ ἐγένετο) of food εἰς τὴν κοιλίαν χωρεῖ Mt 15:17 (=εἰσπορεύεται Mk 7:19.—Aristot., Probl. 1, 55 the drink εἰς τὰς σάρκας χωρεῖ). τοιαύτη διὰ τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἔκρυσις ἐχώρησεν so strong was the discharge from his (Judas’s) body that it affected an entire region Papias (3:3). Of pers. εἰς τὸν ἴδιον τόπον μέλλει χωρεῖν IMg 5:1; cp. IEph 16:2. οὗ μέλλουσι χωρήσειν, τοῦτο that, to which they are destined to go Dg 8:2. εἴς τινα to someone (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 95 §395 χ. ἐς τὸν ἀδελφόν; 5, 29 §114) of Christ, who has gone to the Father IMg 7:2. ἔτι κάτω χώρει go down still farther Mt 20:28 D. Of the head of a tall figure χωροῦσα μέχρι τοῦ οὐρανοῦ it reached up to the sky GPt 10:40 (like Eris: Il. 4, 443).

ⓑ fig., of a report (Pla., Ep. 7, 333a; 338b λόγος ἐχώρει) εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐχώρησεν it has reached us 1 Cl 47:7. εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρεῖν come to repentance 2 Pt 3:9 (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 30 §115 ἐς ἀπόστασιν χ.=turned to revolt). εἴς τι ἀγαθὸν χωρεῖν lead to some good B 21:7 (Soph., El. 615 εἰς ἔργον; Aristoph., Ran. 641 ἐς τὸ δίκαιον).

② to make an advance in movement, be in motion, go forward, make progress (Pla., Cratyl. 19, 402a the saying of Heraclitus πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει; Hdt. 3, 42; 5, 89; 7, 10; 8, 68; Aristoph., Pax 472; 509, Nub. 907; Polyb. 10, 35, 4; 28, 15, 12; Dionys. Hal. 1, 64, 4; Plut., Galba 1057 [10, 1]; TestIss 1:11 v.l.; Jos., Ant. 12, 242; PTebt 27, 81 ἕκαστα χωρῆσαι κατὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν πρόθεσιν) ὁ λόγος ὁ ἐμὸς οὐ χωρεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν my word makes no headway among you J 8:37 (Moffatt; cp. Weymouth. Eunap., Vi. Soph. p. 103 χωρεῖ λόγος). Or perh. (as in 1b above) there is no place in you for my word (NRSV; cp. Goodsp. and 20th Cent.; Field, Notes 94f, w. ref. to Alciphron, Ep. 3, 7; Bultmann; DTabachovitz, Till betydelsen av χωρεῖν Joh. 8:37: Eranos 31, ’33, 71f.—Perh. also=χώραν ἔχειν Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 70 §289 ὀλίγην ἐν αὐτοῖς χώραν ἔχειν; Alex. Aphr., Fat. 6 p. 169, 31 Br. χώραν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔχει τὸ παρὰ φύσιν ‘even that which is contrary to nature has room [to be practiced] among them’; Ath., R. 20 p. 73, 18 οὐδʼ οὕτως ἕξει χώραν ἡ κατʼ αὐτῆς κρίσις not even so would any judgment of [the soul] take place).

③ to have room for, hold, contain

ⓐ lit., of vessels that hold a certain quantity (Hdt. et al.; Diod S 13, 83, 3 of stone πίθοι: χ. ἀμφορεῖς χιλίους; 3 Km 7:24; 2 Ch 4:5 χ. μετρητάς; EpArist 76 χωροῦντες ὑπὲρ δύο μετρητάς; TestNapht 2:2) J 2:6; cp. Hs 9, 2, 1. In a hyperbolic expr. οὐδʼ αὐτὸν τὸν κόσμον χωρῆσαι (v.l. χωρήσειν) τὰ γραφόμενα βιβλία J 21:25 (Philo, Ebr. 32 οὐδὲ τῶν δωρεῶν ἱκανὸς οὐδεὶς χωρῆσαι τὸ ἄφθονον πλῆθος, ἴσως δὲ οὐδʼ ὁ κόσμος ‘no one, probably not even the world, is capable of containing the inexhaustible multitude of their gifts’. On this subj. cp. Pind., O. 2, 98–100, N. 4, 71f; s. also ELucius, Die Anfänge des Heiligenkults 1904, 200, 1; OWeinreich, Antike Heilungswunder 1909, 199–201). Of a space that holds people (Thu. 2, 17, 3; Diod S 13, 61, 6 μὴ δυναμένων χωρῆσαι τῶν τριήρων τὸν ὄχλον=be able to hold the crowd; Plut., Mor. 804b; of theater capacity PSI 186, 4 χωρήσει τὸ θέαδρον [sic]; Gen 13:6; Jos., Bell, 6, 131) without an obj. (cp. οὐ χάρτης χωρεῖ in late pap = the sheet of paper is not large enough) ὥστε μηκέτι χωρεῖν μηδὲ τὰ πρὸς τὴν θύραν so that there was no longer any room, even around the door Mk 2:2. Cp. Hm 5, 2, 5. Of God πάντα χωρῶν, μόνος δὲ ἀχώρητος ὤν containing everything, but the only one uncontained Hm 1:1; quite sim. PtK 2 p. 13, 24 (Mel., P. 5, 38 Χριστός, ὸ̔ς κεχώρηκεν τὰ πάντα).

ⓑ fig.

α. of open-heartedness, having a ‘big heart’ χωρήσατε ἡμᾶς make room for us in your hearts 2 Cor 7:2 (cp. 6:12; Field, Notes 184; PDuff, Apostolic Suffering and the Language of Procession in 2 Cor 4:7–10: BTB 21, ’91, 158–65).

β. grasp in the mental sense, accept, comprehend, understand (Περὶ ὕψους 9, 9 τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ δύναμιν; Plut., Cato Min. 791 [64, 5] τὸ Κάτωνος φρόνημα χωρεῖν; Synes., Kingship 29 p. 31d φιλοσοφία has her abode παρὰ τῷ θεῷ … καὶ ὅταν αὐτὴν μὴ χωρῇ κατιοῦσαν ὁ χθόνιος χῶρος, μένει παρὰ τῷ πατρί=and if she comes down and the region of the earth cannot contain her, she remains with the Father; SIG 814, 11 [67 A.D.]; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 238, 8; PGM 4, 729; Ps.-Phocyl. 89; Philo; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 225) τὸν λόγον Mt 19:11. Pass. Dg 12:7. W. acc. to be supplied Mt 19:12ab=ISm 6:1; cp. ITr 5:1.

γ. of a native condition permit, allow for ἃ οὐ χωρεῖ ἡ φύσις αὐτῆς=(Mary has had a child) something that her present native (virginal) condition does not allow for GJs 19:3 (s. φύσις 2). DELG s.v. χώρα. M-M. Sv.

προσδια-κρίνω [pron. full] [ῑ],

A decide as well, A.D.Synt.5.26.

II distinguish in addition, ib.236.12:—[voice] Pass., ib.36.5.

III take into the reckoning, allow for, Ptol.Geog.1.2.4.

ἐφίημι, [dialect] Ion. ἐπ-, [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3sg.

A

ἐφίητι Pi.I.2.9

, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.

ἐπιεῖσι Hdt.4.30

: [tense] fut.

ἐφήσω Od. 13.376

: [tense] aor. 1 ind. ἐφῆκα, [dialect] Ep.

ἐφέηκα 9.38

, lon.

ἐπῆκα Hdt.5.63

; in other moods [tense] aor. 2 forms were used, imper.

ἔφες Il.5.174

; [dialect] Ep. subj.

ἐφείω 1.567

, [ per.] 2sg.

ἐφῇς S.El. 554

, opt.

ἐφείην Il.18.124

; [dialect] Ion. inf.

ἐπειναι Hdt.2.100

; part.

ἐφείς S.Aj. 495

(v.l.), etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] pres. inf.

ἐφίεσθαι Antipho 5.79

; part.

ἐφιέμενος Od.13.7

: [tense] fut.

ἐφήσομαι Il.23.82

: [tense] aor. 2

ἐφεῖτο S.Ph. 619

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. ἐφέωται and

ἐφεῖται Hsch.

: [ ἐφῐημι [dialect] Ep., ἐφῑημι [dialect] Att.; yet Hom. always uses ἐφιείς, ἐφίει, ἐφῑέμενος with [pron. full] [ῑ], exc.

ἐφῐει Od.24.180

]:— send to one,

Πριάμῳ.. Ἶριν ἐφήσω Il.24.117

; μ' ἐφέηκε.. καλέειν sent me to call, A.R.1.712.

2 in Hom., c. inf., set on, incite to do,

ἠλεός, ὅς τ' ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ μάλ' ἀεῖσαι Od.14.464

; so ἐ. τινὰ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι, χαλεπῆναι, στοναχῆσαι, Il.1.518, 18.108, 124.

3 of things, throw or launch at one,

ὅς τοι πρῶτος ἐφῆκε βέλος 16.812

;

ἄλλοις ἐφίει βέλεα Od.24.180

, etc.; [ἔγχος], μελίην, Il.20.346, 21.170;

οἰστὸν ἐπί τινι E.Med. 632

(lyr.); ἐ. χεῖράς τινι to lay hands on him,

μνηστῆρσιν ἀναιδέσι χεῖρας ἐφήσω Od.20.39

, cf.Il.1.567, etc.

4 of events, destinies, etc., send upon one,

τοῖσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφῆκε 4.396

, etc.;

Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδε' ἐφῆκεν 1.445

, cf. 21.524;

μνηστήρεσσιν ἄεθλον τοῦτον ἐφήσω Od. 19.576

; νόστον.., ὅν μοι Ζεὺς ἐφέηκε which he hath laid upon me, 9.38; so

πάντ' ἐφήσω μόρον A.Eu. 502

(lyr.);

τέκνοις ἀρὰς ἐ. Id.Th. 786

(lyr.).

5 send against, in hostile sense,

τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τὴν ἵππον Hdt.5.63

;

τὴν ἵππον ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας Id.9.49

;

ἡνίοχοι ἐφίεσαν ὠκέας ἵππους Hes.Sc. 307

;

στρατὸν ἐς πεδία E.Heracl. 393

.

6 let in, freq. of water,

ἐπεῖναι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν χώρην Hdt.7.130

, cf. 2.100;

τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὴν ἔσοδον Id.7.176

; also

ἐ. ἀκτῖνα Θήβαισι E.Ph.5

;

ἀγέλας ἐπὶ τὰ χωρία X.Cyr.1.1.2

; ἄγαν ἐφῆκας γλώσσαν did'st let loose, E. Andr. 954;

ὀργήν τινι ἐ. Pl.Lg. 731d

.

7 throw into,

ἐς λέβητ' ἐφῆκεν ἕψεσθαι μέλη E.Cyc. 404

.

II let go, loosen, esp. the rein,

ἐ. καὶ χαλάσαι τὰς ἡνίας τοῖς λόγοις Pl.Prt. 338a

; οὐρία ἐφέντα (abs.) ibid.; πᾶσαν ἐφεὶς ὀθόνην [τῷ ἀνέμῳ] AP10.1 (Leon.), cf.A.R.2.934.

b give up, yield,

τινὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Th.1.95

;

πάντ' ἐφέντες ἡδονήν E.Fr. 564

; allow,

τἆλλα τοῖς δούλοις Arist.Pol. 1264a21

.

c c. inf., permit, allow,

τινὶ ὀνειδίσαι Hdt.1.90

, cf.3.113;

σοί γ' ἐφῆκα πᾶν λέγειν S.El. 631

; ἢν ἐφῇς μοι (sc. λέγειν) ib. 554, cf. 556, 649: c. acc. et inf.,

τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐ. διώκειν X.Cyr.4.2.24

(v.l. for ἀφ-):—[voice] Pass., ἐφεθήσεταί τινι c. inf., Luc.Pr.Im.24.

d command, Pi.I.2.9 (v.infr.B).

2 give up, leave as a prey,

ἐφῆκεν ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν S.Aj. 1297

, cf. 495 (v.l.);

τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἐ. τοῖς στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι D.S.14.75

; intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν), give oneself up to,

ἰσχυρῷ γέλωτι Pl.R. 388e

; [ παιδιᾷ] Id.Ti. 59c.

III put the male to the female,

ἐπῆκε ὀχεῦσαι τὸν ἵππον Hdt.3.85

, cf. 4.30, Arist.HA 630b33.

IV as law-term, leave to another to decide, refer,

δίκας ἐ. εἴς τινας D.40.31

; εἰς δικαστήριον ibid.; ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον refer him to.., Id.34.21; (sc. ἑαυτόν) appeal,

εἰς τοὺς δικαστάς Id.29.59

;

ἐπί τινα Luc.

Bis Acc.4;

εἰς ἕτερον δικαστήριον Id.Herm.30

;

ἀπό τινος D.C.64.2

: abs., Id.37.27.

B [voice] Med., lay one's command or behest upon,

ὑμέων δ' ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε εἴρω Od.13.7

, cf. Il.23.82, 24.300;

ἐπιστολὰς ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο A.Pr.4

; πρός τι τοῦτ' ἐφίεσαι; S.OT 766: c. inf.,

ἐ. τινὶ ἀγγεῖλαι Id.El. 1111

, cf. Ar.V. 242; χαίρειν τἀλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐ. I bid thec have thy will, S.Aj. 112, cf. A.Ch. 1039: abs.,

ὡς ἐφίεσαι Id.Pers. 228

(troch.), cf.E.IT 1483; ἐ. ἐς Λακεδαίμονα send or ders to.., Th.4.108.

2 allow or permit one to do,

κάρα τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι S.Ph. 619

; f.l. for ὑφ- in X.An.6.6.31, etc.

II c. gen., aim at, καλῶν lsoc.2.25;

ἀγαθοῦ τινος Arist.EN 1094a2

, etc.; in fighting, τῶν προσώπων, τῶν ὅψεων, Plu.Pomp.71, Caes.45.

2 long for, desire, τί μοι τῶν δυσφόρων ἐφίῃ; S.El. 143 (lyr.); τί.. ἐφίεσαι φιλοτιμίας; E.Ph. 531;

τῶν ἀλλοτρίων Antipho 5.79

; τῶν κερδῶν, ἀρχῆς, Th.1.8, 128;

τῶν ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἀγαθῶν Id.4.61

;

ἰσότητος Arist.Pol. 1302a25

: c. gen. pers., X.Mem.4.1.2: c. inf.,

ὧν.. σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι ἄκουσον S.Ph. 1315

;

ἐ. ἄρξειν Th.6.6

codd. (leg. ἄρξαι): c. acc. et inf., S.OT 1055.

παρίημι, [tense] fut.

A

παρήσω Hdt.7.161

, S. Ant. 1193 : [tense] aor. 1

παρῆκα Id.OC 570

: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor. 2

παρεῖσαν Antipho 6.44

; part.

παρείς S. El. 732

: [tense] pf. παρεῖκα (v. infr.) ;

παρῆκα Thphr. HP5.3.6

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1

παρείθην Il.23.868

; inf.

παρεθῆναι D.21.105

: [tense] aor. 2

παρείμην S. OC 1666

: [tense] pf.

παρεῖμαι E. Ph. 852

:—let fall at the side, let fall,

πὰρ δ' ἴεισι τὰ πτέρα Sapph.16

;

τὴν χεῖρα παρεικώς Clearch.25

;

παρεῖσ' ἐμαυτήν S. El. 819

;

π. ἀπ' ὀμμάτων πέπλον E. HF 1203

(lyr.) ;

τὸ μάργον τῆς γνάθου Id.Cyc. 310

:—[voice] Pass., ἡ δὲ παρείθη μήρινθος ποτὶ γαῖαν it hung down to earth, Il.23.868.

II pass by, pass over,

πᾶν ἔθνος καταστρεφόμενος καὶ οὐδὲν παριείς Hdt.1.177

;

π. κλύδων' ἔφιππον S. El. 732

, cf. D.18.263 ;

π. τι ἄρρητον Pl.Lg. 754a

:—[voice] Pass.,

περὶ μὲν τούτου παρείσθω Plb.2.59.3

.

2 pass unnoticed, disregard, τι Pi.P.1.86, Hdt.1.14, A. Ag. 291, Ch. 925, 1032, S. Ant. 1193, etc.;

τὰ παθήματα.. παρεῖσ' ἐάσω Id.OC 363

:—[voice] Pass.,

παίδων πόθος παρεῖτο Id.El. 545

;

μηδαμῇ παρεθῆναι D.21.105

: c. inf., omit to do,

παρέντα τοῦ μὲν τὸ φρόνιμον ἐγκωμιάζειν, τοῦ δὲ τὸ ἄφρον ψέγειν Pl. Phdr. 235e

, cf. PCair.Zen.369.2 (iii B.C.), Iamb. Comm.Math.1 : with a neg.repeated,

μὴ παρῇς τὸ μὴ οὐ φράσαι S. OT 283

: c. part.,

οὐ παρίει σείων ὁ θεός Paus.3.5.9

: abs.,

αἰ δέ κα παρῇ Berl.Sitzb.1927.169

([place name] Cyrene):—[voice] Med., neglect, E. HF 778 (lyr.);

τὸν δῆμον D.C.51.5

.

3 of Time, let pass,

τὸν χειμῶνα Hdt.1.77

;

ἕνδεκα ἡμέρας Id.7.183

;

νύκτα μέσην Id.8.9

;

τὸν καιρόν Th.4.27

, etc.

III relax,

τοὺς τερθρίους παρίει Ar. Eq. 440

; οἶνος παρίησι weakens, D.L.9.86 ; remit, γόον, πόθον, χόλον, E. Supp. 111, Tr. 650, IA[ 1609] ; give up,

μελέτας Th.1.85

; τὸν φελλόν give up the use of.., Thphr.l.c.:—[voice] Pass., to be relaxed, weakened,

κόπου δ' ὕπο.. παρεῖται E. Ba. 635

;

κόπῳ παρεῖμαι Id.Ph. 852

;

παρειμένος νόσῳ Id.Or. 881

;

ὕπνῳ Id.Cyc. 591

;

γήρᾳ Pl. Lg. 931d

;

σώμασι παρειμέναι E. Ba. 683

;

παρειμένα μέρη τοῦ σώματος Dsc.3.73

, cf. Aret. SD1.7, etc.;

καὶ δὴ παρεῖται σῶμα E. Supp. 1070

;

τῷ λίαν παρειμένῳ Id.Or. 210

;

τὰ σώματα παρειμένοι D.S.14.105

;

ὥστε καὶ τοῦ σώ ματός τι παρεθῆναι D.C.68.33

.

2 τοῦ ποδὸς παρίει slack away the sheet, Ar.Eq. 436 : so perh. metaph., τοῦ μετρίου παρείς letting go one's hold of moderation, i. e. giving it up, S.OC 1212 (lyr.).

3 remit punishment,

τιμωρίαν Lycurg. 9

([voice] Pass.) ; pardon,

τὴν συμφοράν Ar.Ra. 699

:—[voice] Pass., ἐποίησεν παρεθῆμεν ([dialect] Dor. for παρεθῆναι ) secured our release from the obligation, IG42(1).66.47 (Epid., i B.C.): c. gen.,

παρεῖσθαι τὰς πόλεις τῶν τόκων OGI444.15

(Ilium, iB.C.).

IV yield, give up,

νίκην τινί Hdt.6.103

, cf. A.Ag. 943 ;

τυραννίδα τινί E. Ph. 523

;

αὑτοὺς κυμάτων δρομήμασιν Id.Tr. 693

;

π. τινὶ τὴν ἀρχήν Th.6.23

, cf. Arist. Pol. 1285b15; οὐδὲ δεῖν δυνάμενον ἄρχειν παριέναι τῷ πλησίον ib. 1325a37 ; leave a thing to another,

σοὶ παρεὶς τάδε S. Ph. 132

;

Ζεὺς τὰ μικρὰ.. ἄλλοις δαίμοσιν παρεὶς ἐᾷ Trag.Adesp.353

:—[voice] Med., give up,

συμμαχίαν Arist. Rh.Al. 1446b28

; resign,

στρατηγίαν D.C.39.23

, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [γῆ] παρειμένη left in private ownership, PHib.1.53.5 (iii B. C.).

2 permit, allow, c. dat. pers. et inf.,

ἄλλῳ δὲ παρήσομεν οὐδενὶ ναυαρχέειν Hdt.7.161

, cf. S. El. 1482, Ar. Eq. 341, Arist. Pol. 1336b29 : c. subj., πάρες ὑπερβῶ suffer me to.., E.Fr. 308 (anap.): abs. (the inf. being understood), S. OC 591, Ar.Eq. 340, Pl.Smp. 199c, etc.; μὴ παρῇς σαυτοῦ βροτοῖς ὄνειδος do not allow them to have cause to reproach thee, S. Ph. 967 ; παρῆκεν, ὥστε βραχέα μοι δεῖσθαι φράσαι has allowed that there should be but little for me to say, Id.OC 570.

V allow to pass, admit,

οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐ παρήσει [ἡμέας] Hdt.3.72

, cf. 4.146 ; π. ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα τοὺς βαρβάρους, τὸν Μαρδόνιον ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑ., Id.8.15, 9.1 ; Ἄδραστον εἰς γῆν π. E.Supp. 468 ;

λόγον π. εἰς τὸ φρουρίον Pl.R. 561b

; μὴ παρίωμεν εἰς τὴν ψυχήν let us not admit [ the thought], Id.Phd. 90e :—[voice] Med., βαρβάρους εἰς τὰς ἀκροπόλεις παρεῖνται have admitted them into their very citadels, D.15.15 ; of innkeepers, admit,

τοὺς καταλύτας ἡμιασσαρίου Plb.2.15.6

.

VI [voice] Med., obtain the leave of a magistrate,

παρέμενος τοὺς ἄρχοντας Pl. Lg. 742b

, cf. 951a.

2 beg to be excused or let off something, οὐδέν σου παρίεμαι I ask no quarter, Id.R. 341b ; οὐκ ἂν παρείμην οἷσι μὴ δοκῶ φρονεῖν I ask no favour of them, S.OC 1666 ; so παριέμεσθα καί φαμεν κακῶς φρονεῖν I ask pardon.., E. Med. 892 ;

τοῦτο ὑμῶν δέομαι καὶ παρίεμαι Pl. Ap. 17c

.

ἀποδίδωμι, [tense] fut. - δώσω: [tense] aor. 1 ἀπέδωκα: [tense] aor. 2

A

ἀπέδων A.D.Synt. 276.9

, shortened inf. ἀποδοῦν prob. in Hsch.:— give up or back, restore, return,

τινί τι Hom.

, etc.: esp. render what is due, pay, as debts, penalties, submission, honour, etc.,

τοκεῦσι θρέπτρα Il.4.478

; ἀ. τινὶ λώβην give him back his insuit, i.e. make atonement for it, ib.9.387 (tm.);

τὴν πλημμέλειαν LXXNu.5.7

;

εὖ ἔρδοντι κακὴν ἀ. ἀμοιβήν Thgn.1263

;

ἀ. τὴν ὁμοίην τινί Hdt.4.119

;

ἀμοιβάς Democr.92

;

κακὸν ἀντ' ἀγαθοῦ Id.93

; ἀ. τὸ μόρσιμον pay the debt of fate, Pi.N.7.44;

τὸ χρέος Hdt.2.136

;

τὸν ναῦλον Ar.Ra. 270

; τὴν ζημίαν, τὴν καταδίκην, Th.3.70, 5.50;

τὴν φερνήν PEleph.1.11

(iv B. C.);

εὐχάς X.Mem.2.2.10

;

ἀ. ὀπίσω ἐς Ἡρακλείδας τὴν ἀρχήν Hdt.1.13

, etc.;

πόλεις ἀ. τοῖς παρακαταθεμένοις Aeschin.3.85

;

ἀ. χάριτας Lys.31.24

;

οὐκ ἐς χάριν ἀλλ' ἐς ὀφείλημα τὴν ἀρετ ὴν ἀ. Th.2.40

;

ἀ. χάριν τινός Isoc.6.73

; [

τὴν πόλιν] ἀ. τοῖς ἐπιγιγνομένοις οἵανπερ παρὰ τῶν πατέρων παρελάβομεν X.HG7.1.30

:—[voice] Pass.,

ἔως κ' ἀπὸ πάντα δοθείη Od.2.78

; ἀ. μισθός, χάριτες, Ar.Eq. 1066, Th.3.63.

2 assign,

ταῖς γυναιξὶ μουσικὴν καὶ γυμναστικήν Pl.R. 456b

;

τὸ δίκαιον καὶ τὸ συμφέρον Arist.Rh. 1354b3

, cf. 1356a15;

τὸ πρὸς ἀλκὴν ὅπλον ἀ. ἡφύσις Id.GA 759b3

, etc.

b refer to one, as belonging to his department,

εἰς τοὺς κριτὰς τὴν κρίσιν Pl.Lg. 765b

; ἀ. εἰς τὴν βουλὴν περὶ αὐτῶν refer their case to the Council, Isoc.18.6, cf. Lys.22.2, etc.

3 render, yield, of land, ἐπὶ διηκόσια ἀποδοῦναι (sc. καρπόν) yield fruit two hundred-fold, Hdt.1.193;

τἅλλα δ' ἅν τις καταβάλη ἀπέδωκεν ὀρθεῶς Men.Georg.38

; ἤν ἡ χώρη κατὰ λόγον ἐπιδιδοῖ ἐς ὕψος καὶ τὸ ὅμοιον ἀποδιδοῖ ἐς αὔξησιν renders, makes a like increase in extent, Hdt.2.13:—hence perh. metaph.,

τὸ ἔργον ἀ. Arist.EN 1106a16

;

ἀ. δάκρυ E.HF 489

.

4 concede, allow, c. inf., suffer or allow a person to do,

ἀ. τισὶ αὐτονομεῖσθαι Th.1.144

, cf. 3.36;

εἰ δὲ τοῖς μὲν.. ἐπιτάττειν ἀποδώσετε D.2.30

;

ἀ. κολάζειν Id.23.56

;

τῷ δικαστηρίῳ ἀποδίδοται τοῦ φόνου τὰς δίκας δικάζειν Lys.1.30

;

ἀ. τινὶ ζητεῖν Arist.Pol. 1341b30

, cf. Po. 1454b5; also

οὔτε ἀπολογίας ἀποδοθείσης And.4.3

; ἐπειδὰν αὐτοῖς ὁ λόγος ἀποδοθῆ when right of speech is allowed them, Aeschin.3.54.

5 ἀ. τινά with an Adj., render or make so and so, like ἀποδείκνυμι, ἀ. τὴν τέρψιν βεβαιοτέραν Isoc.1.46;

τέλειον ἀ. τὸ τέκνον Arist.GA 733b1

;

δεῖ τὰς ἐνεργείας ποιὰς ἀ. Id.EN 1103b22

;

μετριωτέραν τὴν ὑπερηφανίαν D.H.7.16

.

b exhibit, display,

τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ἀρετήν And.1.109

; ἀ. τὴν ἰδίαν μορφήν render, express it, Arist.Po. 1454b10; ἀ. φαντασίαν τινός present appearance of, Phld.Ir.p.71 W., al.

6 deliver over, give up, e.g. as a slave, E. Cyc. 239;

ἀ. τὸν μιαρὸν τῶ χρόνῳ φῆναι Antipho 4.4.11

.

7 ἀ. ἐπιστολήν deliver a letter, Th.7.10, cf. E.IT 745.

8 ἀ. τὸν ἀγῶνα ὀρθῶς καὶ καλῶς bring it to a conclusion, Lycurg.149.

9 λόγον ἀ. render an account, D.27.48:—[voice] Pass., μαρτυρίαι ἀ. Test. ap. D.18.137.

10 ἀ. ὅρκον, v. ὅρκος.

11 give an account or definition of a thing, explain it, E.Or. 150;

ἀ. τί ἐστί τι Arist.Cat. 2b8

, cf. 1a10, Metaph. 1040b30, al.; ἑπομένως τούτοις ἀ. τὴν ψυχήν Id.de.An. 405a4, cf. Ph. 194b34, al.; also, use by way of definition,

ὁ μὲν τὴν ὕλην ἀποδίδωσιν, ὁ δὲ τὸ εἶδος Id.de An. 403b1

; simply, define,

τὸν ἄνθρωπον S.E.M.7.272

; expound, Phld.D.3.14, cf. Epicur.Nat.14.3, 119G., 143 G.; render, interpret one word by another,

ἀ. τὴν κοτύλην ἄλεισον Ath.11.479c

; explain, interpret,

τὸ φωνὴν αἵματος βοᾶν Ph.1.209

:—[voice] Pass.,

βέλτιον ἀποδοθήσεται Epicur.Ep.1

P.15 U.;

ἀκριβεστέρως ἀποδοθήσεται A.D.Synt.45.21

;

ἀ. τι πρός τι

use with reference to,

Olymp.in Mete.281.10

, cf. Sch.Ar.Pl. 538.

12 attach or append, make dependent upon, τί τινι or

εἴς τι Hero Aut.24.5

, 6, 2.

13 ἀ. τί τινος assign a property to a thing, Arist.Top. 128b28.

II intr., return, recur, Id.GA 722a8, HA 585b32.

2 Rhet. and Gramm., introduce a clause answering to the πρότασις, Id.Rh. 1407a20;

διὰ μακροῦ ἀ. D.H.Dem.9

, etc.; cf.

ἀπόδοσις 11.2

; οὐκ ἀποδίδωσι τὸ ἐπεί has no apodosis, Sch.Od.3.103; esp. in similes, complete the comparison, Arist.Rh. 1413a11.

3 in Tactics, turn back to face the enemy,

εἰς ὀρθόν Ascl.Tact.10.12

, etc.

4 Medic. in [voice] Pass., to be evacuated,

σὺν τοῖς περιττώμασιν Dsc.4.82

.

III [voice] Med., give away of one's own will, sell, Ar.Av. 585, Hdt.1.70, etc.; ἀ. τι ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα take to Greece and sell it there, Id.2.56: c. gen. pretii, Ar.Ach. 830, Pax 1237;

οὐκ ἄν ἀπεδόμην πολλοῦ τὰς ἐλπίδας Pl.Phd. 98b

; ἀ. τῆς ἀξίας, τοῦ εὑρίσκοντος, sell for its worth, for what it will fetch, Aeschin.1.96; ὅταν τις οἰκέτην πονηρὸν πωλῆ (= offer for sale)

καὶ ἀποδῶται τοῦ εὑρόντος X.Mem.2.5.5

, cf. Thphr. Char.15.4;

διδοῦσι [τὰς νέας] πενταδράχμους ἀποδόμενοι Hdt.6.89

; ἀ. εἰσαγγελίαν sell, i.e. take a bribe to forgo, the information, D.25.47;

οἱ δραχμῆς ἄν ἀποδόμενοι τὴν πόλιν X.HG 2.3.48

; at Athens, esp. farm out the public taxes, D.20.60, opp. ὠνέομαι: metaph.,

οἷον πρὸς ἄργυρον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχάς Jul.Or.1.42b

:—[voice] Act. and [voice] Med. are distinguished in Lex ap.And.1.97 πάντα ἀποδόμενος τὰ ἡμίσεα ἀποδώσω τῷ ἀποκτείναντι: but [voice] Act. is used in med. sense in Th.6.62 (s.v.l.), cf. Foed.Delph.Pell. 2 A 22, and possibly in E.Cyc. 239, Ar.Ra. 1235: [voice] Med. for [voice] Act. in Antipho Fr.54:—[voice] Pass., to be sold, Hsch.

παρέχω, [tense] fut.

A

παρέξω Od.18.317

, Th.8.48,

παρασχήτω Id.6.86

, Isoc. 6.71, 15.248 : [tense] pf. παρέσχηκα : [tense] aor. παρέσχον, [dialect] Ep. inf.

παρασχέμεν Il. 19.147

; imper.

παράσχες E.Hec. 842

( παράσχε is f.l.) ; poet.

παρέσχεθον Hes. Th. 639

, inf.

παρασχεθεῖν Ar.Eq. 321

; [dialect] Aeol.

παρέσκεθον Alc. Oxy.1788

Fr.15 ii 11 ; παρεχέσκετο is f.l. for παρεκέσκετο in Od.14.521. [In Od.19.113, πᾱρέχη.]

A [voice] Act., hand over, Il.18.556 ; furnish, supply,

φάος πάντεσσι παρέξω Od.18.317

;

δῶρα Il.19.147

; esp. in Od., ἱερήϊα, βρῶσίν τε πόσιν τε, σῖτον, 14.250, 15.490, 18.360 : abs., ἐγὼ δ' εὖ πᾶσι παρέξω I will provide for all, 8.39 ;

π. νέας Hdt.4.83

, 7.21 ;

τεταρτημόριον τοῦ μισθώματος Id.2.180

;

χρήματα Th.8.48

; ἀργύριον, ποίμνια, IG12.39.69,45.4 ;

αἱ δὲ Συράκουσαι σῦς.. παρέχουσιν Hermipp.63.9

; πληρώμαθ' ἡ πόλις παρέχει the state finds men to man the ships, D.21.155, cf. Lys. 19.43.

2 of natural objects, yield, produce,

θάλασσα π. ἰχθῦς Od.19.113

; [ σίδηρον] παρέξει (sc. σόλος) Il.23.835.

3 of incorporeal things, afford, cause, φιλότητα, ἀρετήν, γέλω τε καὶ εὐφροσύνην, 3.354, Od.18.133, 20.8 ;

ὀνίαις Alc.88

;

π. εἰράναν τισί Pi.P.9.23

;

ὕμνον Id.N.6.33

;

αἶσαν Id.O.6.102

;

Σάρδεσιπένθος A.Pers. 322

; τύχην, φρίκην, S.OT53, 1306 (anap.); χάριν, εὔνοιαν, Id.OC 1498(lvr.), Tr. 708 ; ὄχλον, πρήγματα π., Hdt. 1.86, al. (v. πρᾶγμα)

; πόνον Alc.19

, Hdt.1.177 ;

ἔργον Ar.Nu. 523

;

π. εὔνοιαν εἴς τινα Antipho 5.76

; αἴσθησιν παρέχει τινός enables one to observe a thing, Th.2.50 ; but αἴσθησιν π., abs., it causes remark, is perceived, Id.3.22, X.An.4.6.13 ; πενία ἀνάγκῃ τὴν τόλμαν π. Th.3.45 ; ὑφειμένου δόξαν π., = ὑφειμένῳ ἐοικέναι, Plu.2.131a.

II present or offer for a purpose,

1 c. inf., [ ὄϊες]

παρέχουσι.. γάλα θῆσθαι Od.4.89

;

π. τὸ σῶμα τύπτειν Ar.Nu. 441

;

τὸ στράτευμα π. τισὶ διαφθεῖραι Th.8.50

(withoutinf.,

πτήξας δέμας παρεῖχε A.Pers. 210

): with reflex. Pron., ἐμαυτόν σοι ἐμμελετᾶν π. I give myself up to you to practise upon, Pl.Phdr. 228e ;

π. ἐμαυτὸν ἐρωτᾶν Id.Ap. 33b

, cf. Prt. 312c ;

π. ἑαυτοὺς τοῖς ἄρχουσι χρῆσθαι ἤν τι δέωνται X.Cyr.1.2.9

: rarely with a part.,

π. ἑαυτὸν δεδησόμενον Luc. Tox. 35

.

2 give oneself up, submit oneself, ἑαυτόν being omitted,

π. [ἑωυτοὺς] διαφθαρῆναι Hdt.9.17

; πατεῖν παρεῖχετῷ θέλοντι [ ἑαυτόν] S. Aj. 1146, cf. Ar.Nu. 422 ;

τοῖς ἰατροῖς παρέχουσι.. ἀποτέμνειν καὶ ἀποκάειν X.Mem.1.2.54

, cf. Pl.Grg. 456b ; τῷ λόγῳ ὥσπερ ἰατρῷ παρέχων ἀποκρίνου ib. 475d, cf. Tht. 191a;

ἕτοιμός εἰμί σοι παρέχειν ἀποκρινόμενος Id.Prt. 348a

; esp. of a woman, sens. obsc., Ar.Lys. 162, 227, Luc. DMeretr.5.4, etc. (in full,

π. ἑαυτήν Id.DMar.13.1

, Artem.1.78).

3 with reflex. Pron. and a predicative, show, exhibit oneself so and so,

π. ἐμαυτὸν ὅσιον καὶ δίκαιον Antipho 2.2.2

; σπάνιον σεαυτὸν π. Pl. Euthphr.3d ; σαυτὸν σοφιστὴν π. Id.Prt. 312a ;

ἑαυτὸν π. εὐπειθῆ X.Cyr. 2.1.22

; μέτριον ἐμαυτὸν π. Aeschin.1.1 ;

τοιοῦτον πολίτην Lys.14.1

;

π.ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἐμαυτόν X.Cyr.7.5.46

;

δέμασἀ κέντητον παρέχων Pi.O.1.21

.

III allow, grant,

σιγὴν παρασχὼν κλῦθί μου S.Tr. 1115

: c. inf., ἐπεὶ παρέσχες ἀντιφωνῆσαι did'st allow me to.., ib. 1114 ;

π. αὐτοὺς δικαστὰς.. γίγνεσθαι Th.1.37

: abs. in imperat., πάρεχε make way, E. Tr. 308, Cyc. 203, Ar.V. 1326, Av. 1720 (all lyr.) ;

πάρεχ' ἐκποδών Id.V. 949

.

2 impers., παρέχει τινί c. inf., it is allowed, in one's power to do so and so,

παρεῖχε ἄν σφι εὐδαιμονέειν Hdt.1.170

, cf. 3.73, al., Pi.I. 8(7).76 ;

ὑμῖν οὐ παρασχήσει ἀμύνασθαι Th.6.86

;

σωφρονεῖν παρεῖχέ σοι E.El. 1080

: neut. part. used abs., παρέχον it being in one's power, since one can, like ἐξόν, παρόν, παρέχον [ὑμῖν] ἄρχειν Hdt.5.49 ; also εὖ, καλῶς παρασχόν, Th.1.120, 5.14 ; κάλλιον π. ib.60.

IV produce a person on demand,

ἐς τὸ κοινόν X.HG7.4.38

; εἰς τὴν βουλήν, εἰς ἀγοράν (leg. αὔριον) , εἰς κρίσιν, Lys.13.23, 23.9, Aeschin.2.117, cf. PHib. 1.168 (iii B.C.), etc.

V with a predic. added, make so and so, τὴν διέξοδόν οἱ ἀσφαλέα π. Hdt.3.4 ;

π. τινὰς βελτίους And.1.136

, cf. Pl.Phdr. 274e, 277a : with part.,

π. ξυμμάχους τὰς σπονδὰς δεχομένους Th.5.35

, cf. X.Oec. 21.4 ; κοινὴν τὴν πόλιν π. offer it as a common resort, Isoc.4.52 ; γῆν ἄσυλον καὶ δόμους ἐχεγγύους π. E.Med. 388, etc.

B [voice] Med. παρέχομαι, [tense] fut.

- έξομαι Antipho 5.20

, Lys.23.8, etc.; also

παρασχήσομαι Antipho 5.24

, Lys.9.8 : [tense] aor. 2

παρεσχόμην Is.3.18

, 19 : [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. (in med. sense)

παρέσχημαι X.An.7.6.11

, D.27.49, 36.35 : freq. used much like [voice] Act., without any reflex. sense:

1 supply of oneself or from one's own means,

νέας Hdt.6.8

,15,al. ;

δαπάνην οἰκηΐην Id.8.17

; π. ὅπλα furnish a suit of armour, IG12.22.11, Th. 8.97 ; οἱ τὰ τιμήματα παρεχόμενοι the tax- paying citizens, Arist.Ath. 39.6 ; μηδεμίαν δύναμιν π. εἰς τὴν στρατιάν supply no contingent of one's own to.., X.An.6.2.10 ; freq. with

ἑαυτόν, εὔνουν καὶ πρόθυμον ἑαυτὸν παρέχεται SIG333.11

(Samos, iv/iii B.C.), cf. 620.6 (Tenos, ii B.C.), etc.

2 of natural objects, furnish, present, exhibit, [ ποταμὸς] κροκοδείλους π. Hdt.4.44 ; π. λίμνην ὁ Πόντος.. οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἐλάσσω ἑωυτοῦ ib.86, cf. 46, Pl.Phd. 81d.

3 of works, ἓν ἔργον πολλὸν μέγιστον π. Hdt.1.93.

4 of incorporeal things, display on one's own part,

πᾶσαν προθυμίην Id.7.6

, cf. X.An.7.6.11 ;

πᾶν τὸ πρόθυμον Th.4.85

, cf. 61 ;

εὔνοιαν D.18.10

; χρείας Decr. ap. D.18.84.

II in Law, παρέχεσθαί τινας μάρτυρας, π. τεκμήρια, bring forward witnesses or proofs, Pl.Ap. 19d, Prm. 128b, Antipho 1.11, cf. 5.20,22, Lys.23.8, etc. ; π. ἐκμαρτυρίαν, μαρτυρίαν, Is. ll.cc.

III produce as one's own, ἄρχοντα παρέχεσθαί τινα acknowledge as one's general, Hdt.7.61, 62, 67 ; Ἀθηναῖοι ἀρχαιότατον ἔθνος παρεχόμενοι presenting themselves as.., ib. 161 ; π.πόλιν μεγίστην, of an ambassador, represent a city in one's own person, Th.4.64, cf. 85.

IV offer, promise,

ἀψευδέα μαντήϊα Hdt.2.174

; ἔστιν ἃ π. Th.3.36 ; put forward,

τὸ εὐπρεπὲς τῆς δίκης Id.1.39

.

V render so and so for or towards oneself,

θεὸν παρασχέσθαι εὐμενῆ E.Andr.55

;

δυσμενεστέρους π. τοὺς ἀνθρώπους Pl.Prt. 317b

, cf. R. 432a, Lg. 809d ; v. supr. A. V.

VI Arith., make up, amount to, ἐνιαυτοὶ.. παρέχονται ἡμέρας .. Hdt.1.32, cf. X.Cyr. 6.1.28.

ἀφίημι (Hom.+) pres. act. ind. 2 sg. ἀφεῖς (Rob. 315; W-S. §14, 16; M-M.) and ἀφίεις (ApcSed 12:4 p. 135, 14 Ja.), 3 sg. ἀφίησιν (TestSim 3:2) and ἀφίει (TestJud 18:3); 1 pl. ἀφίομεν (ἀφίεμεν v.l.; B-D-F §94, 3) Lk 11:4; 3 pl. ἀφίουσιν Rv 11:9. Impf. 2 sg. ἠφίεις Sus 53 LXX, 3 sg. ἤφιε (B-D-F §69, 1); ptc. ἀφίοντες Hs 8, 6, 5. Fut. ἀφήσω. 1 aor. ἀφῆκα, 2 sg. ἀφῆκες Rv 2:4 (W-H.; B-D-F §83, 2); impv. ἄφησον ApcEsdr 1:3 p. 24, 8 Tdf.; 2 aor. impv. ἄφες (as אֲפֶס in rabb.), ἄφετε; subj. ἀφῶ, 2 pl. ἀφῆτε; inf. ἀφεῖναι Mt 23:23 v.l.; Lk 5:21; ptc. ἀφείς. Mid. aor. impv. 2 sg. ἄφησαι (TestAbr A 20 p. 102, 29 [Stone p. 52]). Pass.: pres. ἀφίεμαι, 3 pl. ἀφίονται Mt 9:2 D; fut. ἀφεθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἀφέθην, 3 sg. ἀφείθη Just. D. 141, 3; pf. 3 pl. ἀφέωνται Mt 9:2 v.l.; Mk 2:5 v.l.; Lk 5:20, 23; 7:48; J 20:23; 1J 2:12 (B-D-F §97, 3); impv. 3 sg. ἀφείσθω Ath. 2:4. Gener., to cause someone or someth. to undergo separation.

① to dismiss or release someone or someth. from a place or one’s presence

ⓐ w. personal obj. let go, send away (X., Cyr. 1, 2, 8; Polyb. 33, 1, 6; Tob 10:5; Sir 27:19; Jos., Ant. 16, 135 τ. ἐκκλησίαν) crowds Mt 13:36; Mk 4:36; 8:13 (mng. 3a is also prob.).

ⓑ w. impers. obj. give up, emit obj. τὸ πνεῦμα give up one’s spirit Mt 27:50 (cp. ἀ. τ. ψυχήν Hdt. 4, 190 and oft. in Gk. lit.; Gen 35:18; 1 Esdr 4:21; Jos., Ant. 1, 218; 14, 369 al.). φωνὴν μεγάλην utter a loud cry Mk 15:37 (φων. ἀ. Hdt. et al.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 68 §279; Epict. 2, 22, 12 al.; Gen 45:2; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 34; Jos., Bell. 4, 170, Ant. 8, 325, Vi. 158).

ⓒ in a legal sense divorce γυναῖκα (Hdt. 5, 39) 1 Cor 7:11ff.—Lit.—LEpstein, Marriage Law in the Bible and the Talmud ’42; MHumbert, Le remariage à Rome ’72; CPréaux, in La Femme I, ’79, 161–65 [Hellen. period]; JMurphy-O’Connor, JBL 100, ’81, ’601–6; JMoiser, JSNT 18, ’83, 103–22.

② to release from legal or moral obligation or consequence, cancel, remit, pardon τὸ δάνειον the loan Mt 18:27 (OGI 90, 12; PGrenf I, 26, 9; Dt 15:2). ὀφειλήν a debt vs. 32 (cp. 1 Macc 15:8 πᾶν ὀφείλημα βασιλικὸν ἀ.). Also of remission of the guilt (debt) of sin (Hdt. 6, 30 ἀπῆκέ τʼ ἂν αὐτῷ τὴν αἰτίην; 8, 140, 2; Lysias 20, 34 ἀφιέντας τ. τῶν πατέρων ἁμαρτίας; Herodas 5, 26 ἄφες μοι τὴν ἁμαρτίην ταύτην; 38, 72f; 1 Macc 13:39.—In another construction Diod S 9, 31, 4 Κῦρος αὐτὸν ἀφίησι τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων=absolves him of his misdeeds), in OT and NT predom. in sense of divine forgiveness. W. dat. of pers. and acc. of thing: ὀφειλήματα remit, forgive debts (Appian, Ital. 9 §1 ἠφίει τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ χρήσταις τὰ ὀφλήματα) Mt 6:12a; cp. b (s. Sir 28:2 and ὡς 3aβ; FFensham, The Legal Background of Mt 6:12: NovT 4, ’60, 1f [Deut 15:2 LXX]; on the text FBurkitt, ‘As we have forgiven’ Mt 6:12: JTS 33, ’32, 253–55); forgive ἁμαρτίας (Ex 32:32; Num 14:19; Job 42:10 al.; Jos., Ant. 6, 92) Lk 11:4; 1J 1:9. παραπτώματα Mt 6:14f; Mk 11:25; vs. 26 v.l. Pass. (Lev 4:20; 19:22; Is 22:14; 33:24 al.) ἁμαρτίαι Lk 5:20, 23; 7:47b; 1J 2:12; 1 Cl 50:5; Hv 2, 2, 4; Hs 7:4; PtK 3 p. 15, 12; ἁμαρτήματα Mk 3:28 (s. GDalman, Jesus-Jeshua [Eng. tr. PLevertoff 1929], 195–97; JWilliams, NTS 12, ’65, 75–77); PtK 3 p. 15, 27; cp. Mt 12:31f. W. dat. of pers. only Mt 18:21, 35; Lk 17:3f; 23:34 (ELohse, Märtyrer u. Gottesknecht, Exkurs: Lk 23:34, ’55). Pass. (Lev 4:26, 31, 35; Num 15:25f al.) Lk 12:10; Js 5:15.—J 20:23b (s. JMantey, JBL 58, ’39, 243–49 and HCadbury ibid. 251–54). W. impers. obj. only Mt 9:6; Mk 2:7, 10; Lk 5:21, 24; 7:49; J 20:23. Pass. Mt 9:2, 5; Mk 2:5, 9 (s. HBranscomb, JBL 53, ’34, 53–60; B-D-F §320); Lk 7:47f. ἀνομίαι Ro 4:7; 1 Cl 50:6 (both Ps 31:1). Abs. ἀφίετε 1 Cl 13:2.

③ to move away, w. implication of causing a separation, leave, depart from

ⓐ lit. of pers. or physical things as obj. (PGrenf I, 1, 16; BGU 814, 16; 18) Mt 4:11; 8:15; 26:44; Mk 1:20, 31; 12:12; Lk 4:39. The spirit left the possessed man 9:42 D; abandon (Soph., Phil. 486; Hyperid. 5, 32; X., Hell. 6, 4, 5) Mt 26:56; Mk 14:50.—W. impers. obj. (PFay 112, 13; Jer 12:7; Eccl 10:4; 1 Esdr 4:50): J 10:12; house Mk 13:34; cp. Mt 23:38; Lk 13:35 (Diod S 17, 41, 7: Apollo appears and explains that he would leave Tyre, which is doomed to destruction); Judaea J 4:3 (Jos., Ant. 2, 335 τ. Αἴγυπτον); the way Hv 3, 7, 1; everything Mt 19:27, 29; 10:28f; Lk 5:11; 18:28f.

ⓑ fig. of impers. obj. give up, abandon (Aeschyl., Prom. 317 ὀργάς; Arrian, Anab. 1, 10, 6; Jos., Ant. 9, 264 ἀ. τ. ἄρτι βίον) τὴν πρώτην ἀγάπην Rv 2:4; τ. φυσικὴν χρῆσιν Ro 1:27; leave (behind) to go on to someth. else (in orators; Plut., Mor. 793a; Epict. 4, 1, 15 al.) τὸν τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ Χρ. λόγον Hb 6:1; neglect (Diod S 1, 39, 11; POxy 1067, 5) also omit (Diod S 8, 12, 11) τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου what is more important in the law Mt 23:23; τὴν ἐντολήν Mk 7:8 (Hyperid. 5, 22 νόμον).

④ to have someth. continue or remain in a place. Leave standing/lying (without concerning oneself further about it as, in a way, Diod S 5, 35, 3 a fire without putting it out) αὐτόν Mt 22:22; τὰ δίκτυα 4:20; Mk 1:18; ἐκεῖ τὸ δῶρον Mt 5:24; cp. 18:12; J 4:28; ἡμιθανῆ half dead Lk 10:30 (cp. Jdth 6:13).— Leave (behind) w. pers. obj. (2 Km 15:16; 3 Km 19:3; Tob 11:2) as orphans J 14:18 (Epict. 3, 24, 14; Jos., Ant. 12, 387). τινὰ μόνον 8:29; 16:32.—τινί τι ἀ. let someone have someth. (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 274 τ. υἱὸν ἄφες μοι) Mt 5:40. W. acc. only τέκνον, σπέρμα Mk 12:19ff; vs. 21 v.l. τινί τι leave, give (Eccl 2:18; Ps 16:14); Mt 22:25; εἰρήνην ἀφίημι ὑμῖν I leave you peace (cp. Diod S 25, 16 τὸν πόλεμον ἀφίημι=I leave [you] war) J 14:27; leave (over, remaining) (Da 4:15) Hb 2:8.—Pass. be left, remain (Da 4:26) οὐ μὴ ἀφεθῇ λίθος ἐπὶ λίθον not a stone will be left on another Mt 24:2; Mk 13:2; cp. Lk 21:6 (on the hyperbole cp. Reader, Polemo p. 338).

⑤ to convey a sense of distancing through an allowable margin of freedom, leave it to someone to do something, let, let go, allow, tolerate

ⓐ w. acc. (Arrian, Anab. 1, 25, 2; Himerius, Or. [Ecl.] 4, 1; 4 Km 4:27; PsSol 17:9) Mt 15:14; Mk 5:19; 11:6; 14:6; Lk 13:8; Ac 5:38. ἀφεῖς τ. γυναῖκα Ἰεζάβελ you tolerate the woman Jezebel Rv 2:20. ἐὰν ἀφῶμεν αὐτὸν οὕτως if we let him go on like this (i.e. doing miracles) J 11:48.—Related types of usage allow, let, permit, leave w. double acc. οὐκ ἀμάρτυρον αὐτὸν ἀφῆκεν God has not left himself without a witness Ac 14:17 (cp. Soph., Oed. Col. 1279 ἀ. τινὰ ἄτιμον; PFay 112, 13; POxy 494, 5f ἐλεύθερα ἀφίημι δοῦλά μου σώματα; 1 Macc 1:48). W. acc. and inf. (BGU 23, 7; POxy 121, 15; Ex 12:23; Num 22:13; PsSol 17:27) Mt 8:22; 13:30; 19:14; 23:13; Mk 1:34; 7:12, 27; 10:14; Lk 8:51; 9:60; 12:39; 18:16; J 11:44; 18:8; Rv 11:9; Hv 1, 3, 1; 3, 1, 8; Hs 9, 11, 6. W. ἵνα foll. Mk 11:16.

ⓑ The imperatives ἄφες, ἄφετε are used w. the subjunctive esp. in the first pers. (this is the source of Mod. Gk. ἄς; B-D-F §364, 1 and 2; Rob. 931f) ἄφες ἐκβάλω τὸ κάρφος let me take out the speck Mt 7:4; Lk 6:42 (cp. Epict. 4, 1, 132 ἄφες σκέψωμαι; POxy 413, 184 [II 1d] ἄφες ἐγὼ αὐτὸν θρηνήσω). ἄφες (ἄφετε) ἴδωμεν let us see Mt 27:49; Mk 15:36 (cp. Epict. 3, 12, 15 ἄφες ἴδω). It is also used w. the third pers. (Epict. 1, 15, 7 ἄφες ἀνθήσῃ). And w. ἵνα in a colloquially expressed sentence ἄφες αὐτήν, ἵνα τηρήσῃ αὐτό let her be, so that she can keep it for the day of my burial J 12:7. (The usage Epict. 4, 13, 19 ἄφες οὖν, ἵνα κἀγὼ ταὐτὰ ὑπολάβω is not strictly parallel, for the impv. is not followed by a pronoun. The rendering let her keep it [s. Mlt. 175f] treats ἄφες as an auxiliary. NRSV’s addition, ‘She bought it’, is unnecessary.) The second pers. is rare ἄφες ἴδῃς Hs 8, 1, 4 acc. to PMich. Abs. let it be so, let it go (Chariton 4, 3, 6) Mt 3:15; GEb 18, 40 (w. ὅτι foll.=‘for’).—B. 768; 839; 1174. DELG s.v. ἵημι. M-M. TW. Sv.

ἐάω, [var] contr. [full] ἐῶ Il.8.428, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [full] εἰῶ 4.55; [dialect] Ep.2 and [ per.] 3sg. ἐάᾳς, ἐάᾳ, Od.12.137, Il.8.414; inf.

A

ἐάαν Od.8.509

: [tense] impf. εἴων, as, a, Il.18.448, Od.19.25, Th.1.28, etc.; [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep.

ἔων Hdt.9.2

,

ἔα Il.5.517

, 16.731; also ἔασκον or εἴασκον, 2.832, 5.802, etc.: [tense] fut. ἐάσω [ᾱ] 18.296, etc.: [tense] aor. εἴᾱσα ( εἴᾰσεν is v.l. for εἴᾱς ' in 10.299) 24.684, etc.; [dialect] Ep.

ἔᾱσα 11.437

: [tense] pf.

εἴᾱκα D.8.37

, 43.78, Cerc.17.35:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ἐάσομαι in pass. sense, E.IA 331, Th.1.142: [tense] aor.

εἰάθην Isoc.4.97

: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass.

εἴᾱμαι D.45.22

.—Hdt. never uses the augm. in this Verb. [[pron. full] ᾰ in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., [pron. full] ᾱ in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. even in [dialect] Ion. (so prob. in Anacr.56,57; forms with - ασς- occur as vv.ll. in Hom. and Parm. 8.7). Synizesis occurs in [ per.] 3sg.

ἐᾷ Il.5.256

, in 1 subj.

ἐῶμεν 10.344

, and prob. in

ἐάσουσιν Od.21.233

; also in Trag., in imper.

ἔα S.OT 1451

, Ant.95, Ar.Nu. 932; ind.

ἐῶ Id.Lys. 734

: Hsch. has the form ἦσεν· εἴασεν, cf. ἦσαι· παῦσαι]:—suffer, permit, c. acc. pers. et inf., τούσδε δ' ἔα φθινύθειν leave them alone to perish, Il.2.346;

αἴ κεν ἐᾷ με.. ζώειν Od.13.359

, etc.;

ἐᾶν οἰκεῖν Th.3.48

, cf. IG12.1; ἐ. τοὺς Ἕλληνας αὐτονόμους ib.2.17.9;

ἐᾶν ἄκλαυτον, ἄταφον S.Ant.29

, cf. Tr. 1083;

ἐᾶν τί τινι Plu.2.233d

:—so in [voice] Pass., Κρέοντί γε θρόνους ἐᾶσθαι should be given up, S.OC 368.

b concede, allow in argument, c. acc. et inf., Pl.Prm. 135b.

2 with neg., οὐκ ἐᾶν not to suffer: hence, forbid, prevent,

τρεῖν μ' οὐκ ἐᾷ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη Il.5.256

;

εἴπερ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι 4.55

; esp. of the law, Aeschin.3.21;

δμωὰς δ' οὐκ εἴας προβλωσκέμεν Od.19.25

, etc.: used elliptically with ἀλλά following,

οὐκ ἐῶν φεύγειν, ἀλλὰ [κελεύων] μένοντας ἐπικρατέειν Hdt.7.104

, cf.Th.2.21; also, persuade or advise not to do.., Id.1.133: an inf. may freq. be supplied, οὐκ ἐάσει σε τοῦτο will not allow thee [to do] this, S.Ant. 538; κἂν μηδεὶς ἐᾷ even if all men forbid, Id.Aj. 1184, cf. Ph. 444:—so in [voice] Pass., οὐκ ἐᾶσθαι, c. inf., to be hindered, E. IT 1344, Th.1.142, D.2.16.

II let alone, let be, c. acc.,

ἔα χόλον Il.9.260

; μνηστήρων μὲν ἔα βουλήν heed not the suitors' plan, Od. 2.281; ἐπεί με πρῶτον ἐάσας as soon as thou hast dismissed me, Il. 24.557, cf. 569, 684; ἤ κέν μιν ἐρύσσεαι, ἦ κεν ἐάσῃς or wilt leave him alone, 20.311, cf. Hdt.6.108, etc.;

ἐάσωμεν ἕκηλον αὐτόν S.Ph. 825

; [

πρᾶγμα] ἀκάθαρτον ἐᾶν Id.OT 256

;

τὰ παθήματα.. παρεῖσ' ἐάσω Id.OC 363

, cf. Th.2.36;

ἐᾶν φιλοσοφίαν Pl.Grg. 484c

: c. inf., ἐπὶ Σκύθας ἰέναι.. ἔασον let it alone, Hdt.3.134; κλέψαι μὲν ἐάσομεν Ἕκτορα we will have done with stealing Hector, Il.24.71;

ἐᾶν περί τινος Pl.Prt. 347c

, etc.;

ἐῶ γὰρ εἰ φίλον D.21.122

: abs., ἀλλ' ἄγε δὴ καὶ ἔασον have done, let be, Il.21.221, cf. A.Pr. 334;

οὐ χρὴ μάχεσθαι πρὸς τὸ θεῖον, ἀλλ' ἐᾶν E.Fr.491.5

; θεὸς τὸ μὲν δώσει, τὸ δ' ἐάσει he will give one thing, the other he will let alone, Od.14.444:—[voice] Pass.,

ἡ δ' οὖν ἐάσθω S.Tr. 329

, etc.

2 for ἐᾶν χαίρειν, v. χαίρω sub fin. ( ἐϝάω, cf. ἔβασον· ἔασον, and εὔα· ἔα, Hsch. who also has ἔησον· ἔασον.)

δίδωμι (Hom.+) by-form διδῶ (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 311f) Rv 3:9 (δίδω Tregelles, δίδωμι v.l.), 3 sg. διδοῖ (GrBar 7:2), 3 pl. διδόασι; impf. 3 sg. ἐδίδου, ἐδίδει (Hs 6, 2, 7; cp. Mk 4:8 cod. W), 3 pl. ἐδίδουν, ἐδίδοσαν J 19:3; ptc. διδῶν (Hs 8, 3, 3); fut. δώσω; 1 aor. ἔδωκα, subj. 3 sg. δώσῃ J 17:2; Rv 8:3 v.l. (on this W-S.§14, 9; B-D-F §95, 1; Rob. 308f), 1 pl. δώσωμεν Mk 6:37 v.l., 3 pl. δώσωσιν Rv 4:9 v.l.; pf. δέδωκα; plpf. ἐδεδώκειν (and without augm. δεδώκειν Mk 14:44; Lk 19:15; J 11:57); 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. δῷ J 15:16 (δώῃ v.l.); also in the form δώῃ Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 (in both δῷ as v.l.): in all these cases read δώῃ subj., not δῴη opt., s. below; δοῖ Mk 8:37 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt. 55; Rdm.² 97f and Glotta 7, 1916, 21ff; GKilpatrick in Festschrift JSchmid ’63, 135), pl. δῶμεν, δῶτε, δῶσιν; 2 aor. opt. 3 sg. Hellenist. (also LXX) δῴη for δοίη Ro 15:5; 2 Th 3:16; 2 Ti 1:16, 18 (on Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 s. above); 2 aor. impv. δός, δότε, inf. δοῦναι, ptc. δούς; pf. δέδωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. δοθήσομαι (W-S. §14, 8ff); 1 aor. ἐδόθην; pf. δέδομαι.

① to give as an expression of generosity, give, donate as a gen. principle: μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν it is more blessed to give than to receive Ac 20:35 (Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 42 τὸ διδόναι ἢ τὸ λαβεῖν οἰκειότερον); cp. 1 Cl 2:1; Hm 2:4ff (the contrast δίδωμι … λαμβάνω is frequently found: Epicharmus, Fgm. 273 Kaibel; Com. Fgm. Adesp. 108, 4 K.; Maximus Tyr. 32, 10c ὀλίγα δούς, μεγάλα ἔλαβες; Sir 14:16; Tat. 29, 2).—On the logion Ac 20:35 s. Unknown Sayings 77–81: giving is blessed, not receiving (cp. EHaenchen on Ac 20:35; Aristot., EN 4, 3, 26; Plut., Mor. 173d). S. μᾶλλον 3c. δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς give to the poor Mt 19:21 (HvonCampenhausen, Tradition u. Leben ’60, 114–56). τινὶ ἔκ τινος give someone some (of a substance: Tob 4:16; Ezk 48:12) Mt 25:8. S. also 7:11; 14:7.

② to give someth. out, give, bestow, grant δ. δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα put a ring on the finger Lk 15:22 (cp. Esth 3:10—δίδωμί τι εἰς τ. χεῖρα also Aristoph., Nub. 506; Herodas 3, 70). give τινί τι someth. to someone τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσίν Mt 7:6 (Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 33 τὰ ἔγκατα τοῖς κυσὶ δότε).—A certificate of divorce to one’s wife 5:31 (Dt 24:1; conversely of the wife Just., A II, 2, 6 ῥεπούδιον δοῦσα); without dat. 19:7. Of bread (w. dat. or acc. somet. to be supplied fr. the context) 26:26f; Mk 2:26; 14:22; Lk 6:4; 11:7f; 22:19; J 21:13 (difft. Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:6 the disciples transfer to others what they have received). W. inf. foll. δ. τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; J 6:31 al. (cp. Gen 28:20; Ex 16:8, 15; Lev 10:17); someth. to drink Mt 27:34; Mk 15:23; J 4:7; Rv 16:6 (Hdt. 4, 172, 4; Aristoph., Pax 49; Jos., Ant. 2, 64; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 146 δὸς πιεῖν τί τινι, without dat. 198; PGM 13, 320 δὸς πεῖν[=πιεῖν]; Jos., Ant. 2, 64).—τὰς ῥάβδους GJs 9:1.—Lk 15:29 (Hipponax 43 Deg.).

③ to express devotion, give δόξαν δ. θεῷ give God the glory, i.e. praise, honor, thanks (Josh 7:19; Ps 67:35; 1 Esdr 9:8; 2 Ch 30:8 and oft.) Lk 17:18; J 9:24 (practically=promise under oath to tell the truth); Ac 12:23 al. δόξαν καὶ τιμήν (2 Ch 32:33) give glory and honor Rv 4:9. Through a sacrificial offering θυσίαν δ. bring an offering Lk 2:24 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 196 θυσίαν ἀποδοῦναι τ. θεῷ).

④ to cause to happen, esp. in ref. to physical phenomena, produce, make, cause, give fig. extension of mng. 1 ὑετὸν δ. (3 Km 17:14; Job 5:10; Zech 10:1; PsSol 5:9) yield rain Js 5:18; send rain Ac 14:17. τέρατα cause wonders to appear Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3). Of heavenly bodies φέγγος δ. give light, shine Mt 24:29; Mk 13:24 (cp. Is 13:10). Of a musical instrument φωνὴν δ. (cp. Ps 17:14; 103:12; Jdth 14:9; Pind., N. 5, 50b [93]) produce a sound 1 Cor 14:7f.

⑤ to put someth. in care of another, entrust

ⓐ of things entrust τινί τι someth. to someone money Mt 25:15; Lk 19:13, 15; the keys of the kgdm. Mt 16:19; perh. Lk 12:48. W. εἰς τὰς χεῖρας added J 13:3 (cp. Gen 39:8; Is 22:21; 29:12 al.) or ἐν τῇ χειρί τινος 3:35 (cp. Jdth 9:9; Da 1:2; 7:25 Theod.; 1 Macc 2:7). Of spiritual things J 17:8, 14; Ac 7:38.

ⓑ of pers. τινά τινι entrust someone to another’s care J 6:37, 39; 17:6, 9, 12, 24; Hb 2:13 (Is 8:18).

⑥ to engage in a financial transaction

ⓐ of payment pay, give τινί τι Mt 20:4; 26:15; 28:12; Mk 14:11; Lk 22:5; Rv 11:18. Fig. repay someone (Mélanges Nicole, var. contributors, JNicole Festschr. 1905, p. 246 [HvanHerwerden=PLips 40 III, 3 p. 129] λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου; Ps 27:4) Rv 2:23. Of taxes, tribute, rent, etc. τινὶ ἀπό τινος pay rent of someth. Lk 20:10 (cp. 1 Esdr 6:28). τὶ pay (up), give someth. Mt 16:26; 27:10; Mk 8:37; δ. κῆνσον, φόρον καίσαρι pay tax to the emperor (Jos., Bell. 2, 403) Mt 22:17; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:22. Of inheritance pay out a portion of property Lk 15:12.

ⓑ as commercial t.t. for bookkeeping λόγον δ. render account (POxy 1281, 9 [21 A.D.]; PStras 32, 9 δότω λόγον; cp. Phil 4:15) Ro 14:12.

ⓒ of a bank deposit, equivalent to τιθέναι put, place, deposit ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν put money in the bank Lk 19:23.

⑦ appoint to special responsibility, appoint (Num 14:4) κριτάς judges Ac 13:20; w. double acc. appoint someone someth. (PLille 28, II [III B.C.] αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρίωνα) τοὺϚ μὲν ἀποστόλους some (to be) apostles Eph 4:11. τινὰ κεφαλήν make someone head 1:22. Also δ. τινὰ εἴς τι B 14:7 (Is 42:6).

⑧ to cause someth. to happen, give (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106 δ. χρόνον εἰς μετάνοιαν) δ. γνῶσιν σωτηρίας= to give (his people) knowledge of salvation = to tell (his people) how to be saved Lk 1:77.

⑨ to bear as a natural product, yield, produce of a field and its crops καρπὸν δ. yield fruit (Ps 1:3) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; fig. ἔδωκεν μοὶ Κύριος καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (Pr 11:30).

⑩ to dedicate oneself for some purpose or cause, give up, sacrifice τὸ σῶμά μου τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον my body, given up for you Lk 22:19 (cp. Thu. 2, 43, 2; Libanius, Declam. 24, 23 Förster οἱ ἐν Πύλαις ὑπὲρ ἐλευθερίας τ. Ἑλλήνων δεδωκότες τὰ σώματα; of Menas δ. ἀπροφασίστως ἑαυτόν ‘gave of himself unstintingly’ OGI 339, 19f; Danker, Benefactor 321–23; for use of δ. in a testamentary context cp. Diog. L. 5, 72); ἑαυτὸν (τὴν ψυχὴν) δ. give oneself up, sacrifice oneself (ref. in Nägeli 56; 1 Macc 6:44; 2:50) w. dat. 2 Cor 8:5. λύτρον ἀντι πολλῶν give oneself up as a ransom for many Mt 20:28; Mk 10:45 (ἀντί 3). Also ἀντίλυτρον ὑπέρ τινος 1 Ti 2:6. ὐπέρ τινος for or because of a person or thing J 10:15 v.l.; Gal 1:4; Tit 2:14; AcPl Ha 8, 24 (on the form of these passages s. KRomaniuk, NovT 5, ’62, 55–76). ἑαυτὸν δ. τῷ θανάτῳ ISm 4:2 (cp. Just., A I, 21, 2 πυρί); δ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θηρίον face the beast Hv 4, 1, 8.

⑪ to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’) (Polyb. 5, 14, 9; Diod S 5, 59, 4; 14, 81, 2; Jos., Ant. 7, 225; 15, 244) εἰς τὸ θέατρον Ac 19:31; εἰς τὴν ἔρημον GJs 1:4.

⑫ to use an oracular device, draw/cast lots Ac 1:26.

⑬ to grant by formal action, grant, allow, freq. of God (cp. 7 above) ἐξουσίαν δ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 21 grant someone the power or authority, give someone the right, etc. (cp. TestJob 20:3; Jos., Ant. 2, 90, Vi. 71) Mt 9:8; 28:18; 2 Cor 13:10; Rv 9:3; 1 Cl 61:1; τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω τινός tread on someth. Lk 10:19. τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the ability to write this account GJs 25:1. ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἐπί Lk 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 30, 3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δύναμιν). ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω i.e. put them under your control Mt 4:9 of the devil. Simple δ. w. inf. (Appian, Liby. 19 §78 ἢν [=ἐὰν] ὁ θεὸς δῷ ἐπικρατῆσαι 106 §499) δέδοται it is given, granted to someone γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια to know the secrets Mt 13:11; cp. ἡ δοθεῖσα αὐτῷ γνῶσις B 9:8 (Just., D. 7, 3 εἰ μή τῳ θεός δῷ συνιέναι) ἔδωκεν ζωὴν ἔχειν he has granted (the privilege) of having life J 5:26. μετὰ παρρησίας λαλεῖν to speak courageously Ac 4:29 and oft. Rather freq. the inf. is to be supplied fr. the context (Himerius, Or. 38 [4], 8 εἰ θεὸς διδοίη=if God permits) οἷς δέδοται sc. χωρεῖν Mt 19:11. ἦν δεδομένον σοι sc. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. W. acc. and inf. foll. (Appian, Mithrid. 11, §37; Heliodorus 5, 12, 2 δώσεις με πιστεύειν) οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν you will not permit your holy one to see corruption Ac 2:27; 13:35 (both Ps 15:10). ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι granted that he should be plainly seen 10:40. δὸς … ῥαγήναι τὰ δέσμα grant that our chains be broken AcPl Ha 3,11f. Pregnant constr.: grant, order (Diod S 9, 12, 2 διδ. λαβεῖν=permit to; 19, 85, 3 τὶ=someth.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 125 §524 ὁ καιρὸς ἐδίδου=the opportunity permitted; Biogr. p. 130 ἐδίδου θάπτειν τ. ἄνδρα) ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν orders were given them not to kill Rv 9:5; cp. 19:8.—Of an oath w. double inf. Lk 1:73f. S. also 17 below.

⑭ to cause to come into being, institute περιτομὴν δ. institute circumcision B 9:7.

⑮ give up, someth. that has been under one’s control for a relatively long time, give up, give back ἡ θάλασσα τ. νεκρούς the sea gave up its dead Rv 20:13.

⑯ to proffer someth., extend, offer χεῖρα hold out one’s hand (to someone) Ac 9:41 (cp. 1 Macc 6:58; 2 Macc 12:11; Jos., Bell. 6, 318). (τὸν) μαστὸν τῇ παῖδι GJs 5:2; 6:3.

⑰ In many phrases this word relates to an activity or an abstract object, and with tr. freq. determined by the noun object; cp. 13 above.

ⓐ of humans: of a plan conceived in a meeting give counsel or advice: δ. for ποιεῖν (cp. κατά A2b β and s. s.v. συμβούλιον), which is read by some mss., in συμβούλιον δ. conspired (against Jesus) Mk 3:6. ἀφορμὴν δ. give an occasion (for someth.) 2 Cor 5:12; Hm 4, 1, 11; μαρτυρίαν δ. give testimony 1 Cl 30:7; δ. τὸ μαρτύριον bear witness AcPl Ha 4, 28; γνώμην δ. give an opinion 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἐγκοπὴν δ. cause a hindrance 1 Cor 9:12; ἐντολὴν δ. command, order J 11:57; 12:49; 1J 3:23; ἐντολὴν καινὴν δ. give a new commandment J 13:34; εὔσημον λόγον δ. speak plainly or intelligibly 1 Cor 14:9; παραγγελίαν δ. give an instruction 1 Th 4:2; δ. τὴν ἐν [κυρίῳ σφραγίδα] seal in the Lord AcPl Ha 11, 23 (restored after the Coptic); προσκοπὴν δ. put an obstacle in (someone’s) way 2 Cor 6:3; δ. ἐκδίκησιν take vengeance 2 Th 1:8; ῥάπισμα δ. τινί slap someone J 18:22; 19:3; σημεῖον δ. give a sign Mt 26:48; τόπον δ. τινί make room for someone (Plut., Gai. Gracch. 840 [13, 3]) Lk 14:9; fig. leave room for Ro 12:19 (cp. τόπος 4); Eph 4:27. ὑπόδειγμα δ. give an example J 13:15; φίλημα δ. τινί give someone a kiss Lk 7:45.—δὸς ἐργασίαν Lk 12:58 is prob. a Latinism=da operam take pains, make an effort (B-D-F §5, 3b note 9; Rob. 109), which nevertheless penetrated the popular speech (OGI 441, 109 [senatorial decree 81 B.C.]; POxy 742, 11 [colloq. letter 2 B.C.] δὸς ἐργασίαν; PMich 203, 7; 466, 33f [Trajan]; PGiss 11, 16 [118 A.D.]; PBrem 5, 8 [117/119 A.D.]).

ⓑ esp. oft. of God (Hom. et al.) and Christ: give, grant, impose (of punishments etc.), send, of gifts, peace τινί τι Eph 4:8; 1 Cl 60:4; τινί τινος give someone some of a thing Rv 2:17. Also τινὶ ἔκ τινος 1J 4:13. τὶ εἴς τινα 1 Th 4:8 (Ezk 37:14); εἰς τὰς καρδίας put into the hearts Rv 17:17 (cp. X., Cyr. 8, 2, 20 δ. τινί τι εἰς ψυχήν). Also ἐν τ. καρδίαις δ. (cp. ἐν 3) 2 Cor 1:22; 8:16 (cp. Ezk 36:27). εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν Hb 8:10 (Jer 38: 33); ἐπὶ καρδίας Hb 10:16 (δ. ἐπί w. acc. as Jer 6:21, and s. Jer 38:33 ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν γράψω). W. ἵνα foll. grant that Mk 10:37.—The pass. occurs very oft. in this sense (Plut., Mor. 265d; 277e) Lk 8:10; Rv 6:4; 7:2; 13:7, 14f and oft. ἐκδίκησιν διδόναι τινί inflict punishment on someone 2 Th 1:8; βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος δ. τινί send torment and grief upon someone Rv 18:7; ὄνομα δ. GJs 6:2, χάριν δ. (Jos., Bell. 7, 325) Js 4:6; 1 Pt 5:5 (both Pr 3:34); GJs 14:2; υἱοθεσίαν AcPl Ha 2, 28; 9,12; ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 2, 30f; μεγαλεῖα 6,13. W. gen. foll. over someone Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; J 17:2.—B. 749. Schmidt, Syn. 193–203. DELG. M-M. TW.

παραδίδωμι (Pind., Hdt.+) pres. 3 sg. παραδίδει (-δίδη cod. [ApcEsdr 3:12 p. 27, 23 Tdf.]), subj. 3 sg. παραδιδῷ and παραδιδοῖ 1 Cor 15:24 (B-D-F §95, 2; W-S. §14, 12; Mlt-H. 204), ptc. παραδιδούς; impf. 3 sg. παρεδίδου Ac 8:3 and 1 Pt 2:23, pl. παρεδίδουν Ac 16:4 v.l.; 27:1 and παρεδίδοσαν 16:4 (B-D-F §94, 1; Mlt-H. 202); fut. παραδώσω; 1 aor. παρέδωκα; 2 aor. indic. παρέδοσαν Lk 1:2; 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. παραδῷ and παραδοῖ Mk 4:29; 14:10, 11; J 13:2 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt-H. 210f), impv. παράδος, ptc. παραδούς; pf. παραδέδωκα, ptc. παραδεδωκώς (Ac 15:26); plpf. 3 pl. παραδεδώκεισαν Mk 15:10 (on the absence of augment s. B-D-F §66, 1; Mlt-H. 190). Pass.; impf. 3 sg. παρεδίδετο 1 Cor 11:23b (-δίδοτο is also attested; B-D-F §94, 1; Mlt-H. 206); 1 fut. παραδοθήσομαι; 1 aor. παρεδόθην; perf. 3 sg. παραδέδοται Lk 4:6, ptc. παραδεδομένος (Ac 14:26).

① to convey someth. in which one has a relatively strong personal interest, hand over, give (over), deliver, entrust

ⓐ a thing τινί τι (Jos., Ant 4, 83; Mel., P. 42, 290; 292; 294) τάλαντά μοι Mt 25:20, 22. αὐτοῖς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ vs. 14. ὑμῖν τὴν γῆν 1 Cl 12:5. τινὶ τὴν κτίσιν Hv 3, 4, 1; λίθους Hs 9, 7, 1; ἀμπελῶνα 5, 6, 2. Also in the sense give back, restore, give up (X., Hell. 2, 3, 7 τινί τι) αὐτῷ τὴν παρακαταθήκην ἣν ἔλαβον Hm 3:2.—Pass., w. the thing easily supplied fr. the context ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται Lk 4:6.—παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα J 19:30 (ApcMos 42; cp. TestAbr B 12 p. 117, 4f [Stone p. 82] Σαρρα … παρέδωκε τὴν ψυχήν; ParJer 9:8; ApcEsdr 7:14) needs no dat.: he gave up his spirit voluntarily. ἄνθρωποι παραδεδωκότες τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ κυρίου men who have risked ( pledged Field, Notes 124) their lives for the name of the Lord Ac 15:26. καὶ ἐὰν παραδῶ τὸ σῶμά μου ἵνα καυθήσομαι and if I give up my body to be burned 1 Cor 13:3 (Maximus Tyr. 1, 9i τῇ Αἴτνῃ αὐτοῦ παραδοὺς σῶμα; Syntipas p. 60, 11 πυρὶ σεαυτὴν παραδίδως). ὅταν παραδιδοῖ τ. βασιλείαν τῷ θεῷ when (Christ) delivers the kingship to God 15:24.

ⓑ hand over, turn over, give up a person ([Lat. trado] as a t.t. of police and courts ‘hand over into [the] custody [of]’ OGI 669, 15; PHib 92, 11; 17; PLille 3, 59 [both pap III B.C.]; PTebt 38, 6 [II B.C.] al.—As Military term ‘surrender’: Paus. 1, 2, 1; X., Cyr. 5, 1, 28; 5, 4, 51.) τινά someone Mt 10:19; 24:10; 27:18; Mk 13:11; Ac 3:13. Pass. Mt 4:12; Mk 1:14; Lk 21:16. τινά τινι Mt 5:25 (fr. one official to another, as UPZ 124, 19f [II B.C.]; TestAbr B 10 p. 115, 11 [Stone p. 78]); 18:34; 27:2; Mk 10:33b; cp. 15:1; Lk 12:58; 20:20; J 18:30, 35; Ac 27:1; 28:16 v.l.; Hs 7:5; 9, 10, 6; Pass. Lk 18:32; J 18:36; Hv 5:3f; m 4, 4, 3; Hs 6, 3, 6b; 9, 11, 2; 9, 13, 9; 9, 20, 4; 9, 21, 4. τὸν Ἰησοῦν παρέδωκεν τῷ θελήματι αὐτῶν Lk 23:25.—Esp. of Judas (s. Brown, Death I 211f on tendency of translators to blur the parallelism of Judas’ action to the agency of others in the passion narrative), whose information and action leads to the arrest of Jesus, w. acc. and dat. ἐγὼ ὑμῖν παραδώσω αὐτόν Mt 26:15. Cp. Mk 14:10; Lk 22:4, 6; J 19:11. Pass. Mt 20:18; Mk 10:33a. Without a dat. Mt 10:4; 26:16, 21, 23; Mk 3:19; 14:11, 18; Lk 22:48; J 6:64, 71; 12:4; 13:21. Pass. Mt 26:24; Mk 14:21; Lk 22:22; 1 Cor 11:23b (NRSV et al. render ‘betrayed’, but it is not certain that when Paul refers to ‘handing over’, ‘delivering up’, ‘arresting’ [so clearly Posidon.: 87 Fgm. 36, 50 Jac. παραδοθείς ‘surrendered’] he is even thinking of the action taken against Jesus by Judas much less interpreting it as betrayal; cp. Ac 3:13 παρεδώκατε). ὁ παραδιδοὺς αὐτόν (παραδιδούς με) his (my) informer (on the role of a מסוֹר in Israelite piety s. WKlassen, Judas ’96, 62–66; but Ac 1:18 the action of Judas as ἀδικία) Mt 26:25, 46, 48; Mk 14:42, 44; Lk 22:21; J 13:11; 18:2, 5. Cp. Mt 27:3, 4; J 21:20. The article w. pres. ptc. connotes the notoriety (cp. the use of traditor in Tacitus, Histories 4, 24) of Judas in early tradition. His act is appraised as betrayal Lk 6:16, s. προδότης.—τινὰ εἰς χεῖράς τινος deliver someone/someth. into someone’s hands (a Semitic construction, but paralleled in Lat., cp. Livy 26, 12, 11; Dt 1:27; Jer 33:24; Jdth 6:10; 1 Macc 4:30; 1 Esdr 1:50. Pass. Jer 39:4, 36, 43; Sir 11:6; Da 7:25, 11:11; TestJob 20:3; ParJer 2:7 τὴν πόλιν; AscIs 2:14; cp. Jos., Ant. 2, 20) Ac 21:11. Pass. Mt 17:22; 26:45; Mk 9:31; 14:41; Lk 9:44; 24:7 (NPerrin, JJeremias Festschr., ’70, 204–12); Ac 28:17. ἡ γῆ παραδοθήσεται εἰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ D 16:4b. Also ἐν χειρί τινος (Judg 7:9; 2 Esdr 9:7; cp. 2 Ch 36:17; 1 Macc 5:50; Just., D. 40, 2 ὁ τόπος τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὑμῶν παραδοθήσεται) 1 Cl 55:5b.—W. indication of the goal, or of the purpose for which someone is handed over: in the inf. (Jos., Bell. 1, 655) παραδιδόναι τινά τινι φυλάσσειν αὐτόν hand someone over to someone to guard him (X., An. 4, 6, 1) Ac 12:4. W. local εἰς (OGI 669, 15 εἰς τὸ πρακτόρειόν τινας παρέδοσαν; PGiss 84 II, 18 [II A.D.] εἰς τ. φυλακήν): εἰς συνέδρια hand over to the local courts Mt 10:17; Mk 13:9. εἰς τὰς συναγωγὰς καὶ φυλακάς hand someone over to the synagogues and prisons Lk 21:12. εἰς φυλακήν put in prison Ac 8:3; cp. 22:4. Also εἰς δεσμωτήριον (of a transcendent place of punishment: cp. PGM 4, 1245ff ἔξελθε, δαῖμον, … παραδίδωμί σε εἰς τὸ μέλαν χάος ἐν ταῖς ἀπωλείαις) Hs 9, 28, 7. ἑαυτοὺς εἰς δεσμά give oneself up to imprisonment 1 Cl 55:2a. W. final εἰς (cp. En 97:10 εἰς κατάραν μεγάλην παρα[δο]θήσεσθε): ἑαυτοὺς εἰς δουλείαν give oneself up to slavery 55:2b (cp. Just., D. 139, 4). εἰς τὸ σταυρωθῆναι hand over to be crucified Mt 26:2. εἰς τὸ ἐμπαῖξαι κτλ. 20:19. εἰς θλῖψιν 24:9. εἰς κρίμα θανάτου Lk 24:20. εἰς κρίσιν 2 Pt 2:4. εἰς θάνατον hand over to death (POxy 471, 107 [II A.D.]): Mt 10:21 (Unknown Sayings, 68 n. 3: by informing on the other); Mk 13:12; Hm 12, 1, 2f; pass.: ending of Mk in the Freer ms.; 2 Cor 4:11; 1 Cl 16:13 (Is 53:12); B 12:2; Hs 9, 23, 5. π. ἑαυτὸν εἰς θάνατον give oneself up to death 1 Cl 55:1; fig. hand oneself over to death Hs 6, 5, 4. εἰς θλῖψιν θανάτου παραδίδοσθαι be handed over to the affliction of death B 12:5. π. τὴν σάρκα εἰς καταφθοράν give up his flesh to corruption 5:1.—ἵνα stands for final εἰς: τὸν Ἰησοῦν παρέδωκεν ἵνα σταυρωθῇ he handed Jesus over to be crucified Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15; cp. J 19:16.—π. alone w. the mng. hand over to suffering, death, punishment, esp. in relation to Christ: κύριος παρέδωκεν αὐτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 Cl 16:7 (cp. Is 53:6).—Ro 8:32. Pass. 4:25; cp. B 16:5. π. ἑαυτὸν ὑπέρ τινος Gal 2:20 (GBerényi, Biblica 65, ’84, 490–537); Eph 5:25. παρέδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ θεῷ he gave himself to God for us as a sacrifice and an offering vs. 2.—π. τινὰ τῷ σατανᾷ εἰς ὄλεθρον τῆς σαρκός hand someone over to Satan for destruction of his physical body 1 Cor 5:5. οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ σατανᾷ, ἵνα whom I have turned over to Satan, in order that 1 Ti 1:20 (cp. INikaia I, 87, 4f of someone handed over to the gods of the netherworld for tomb violation [New Docs 4, 165]; also the exorcism PGM 5, 334ff νεκυδαίμων, … παραδίδωμί σοι τὸν δεῖνα, ὅπως … ; s. the lit. s.v. ὄλεθρος 2; also CBruston, L’abandon du pécheur à Satan: RTQR 21, 1912, 450–58; KLatte, Heiliges Recht 1920; LBrun, Segen u. Fluch im Urchr. ’32, 106ff). The angel of repentance says: ἐμοὶ παραδίδονται εἰς ἀγαθὴν παιδείαν they are turned over to me for good instruction Hs 6, 3, 6a (Demetr. Phaler. [IV/III B.C.] Fgm. 164 FWehrli ’49: Demosthenes παραδίδωσι ἑαυτὸν τῷ Ἀνδρονίκῳ to be initiated into dramatic art).—ἑαυτοὺς παρέδωκαν τῇ ἀσελγείᾳ they gave themselves over to debauchery Eph 4:19. ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τ. αἰῶνος τούτου Hs 6, 2, 3. ταῖς τρυφαῖς καὶ ἀπάταις 6, 2, 4. παρεδώκατε ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὰς ἀκηδίας Hv 3, 11, 3 (s. ἀκηδία). Of God, who punishes evil-doers: παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν he abandoned them to impurity Ro 1:24 (for the thought cp. 1QH 2:16–19. See also EKlostermann, ZNW 32, ’33, 1–6 [retribution]). εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας to disgraceful passions vs. 26. εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν vs. 28. παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς λατρεύειν τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Ac 7:42. God, the All-Gracious One, is the subject of the extraordinary (s. lit. διδαχή 2) expression εἰς ὸ̔ν παρεδόθητε τύπον διδαχῆς = τῷ τύπῳ δ. εἰς ὸ̔ν π. (obedient) to the form of teaching, for the learning of which you were given over i.e. by God Ro 6:17 (cp. the ins. fr. Transjordania in Nabataean times NGG Phil.-Hist. Kl. Fachgr. V n.s. I, 1, ’36, p. 3, 1 Abedrapsas thanks his paternal god: παρεδόθην εἰς μάθησιν τέχνης=‘I was apprenticed to learn a trade’. AFridrichsen, ConNeot 7, ’42, 6–8; FBeare, NTS 5, ’59, 206–10; UBorse, BZ 12, ’68, 95–103; FDanker, Gingrich Festschr., ’72, 94).

② to entrust for care or preservation, give over, commend, commit w. dat. (cp. PFlor 309, 5 σιωπῇ παραδ. ‘hand over to forgetfulness’; Just., A II, 5, 2 τὴν … τῶν ἀνθρώπων … πρόνοιαν ἀγγέλοις … παρέδωκεν ‘[God] entrusted angels with concern for humans’; Tat. 7, 3 τῇ σφῶν ἀβελτερίᾳ παρεδόθησαν ‘they were handed over to their own stupidity’) παραδίδοσθαι τῇ χάριτι τοῦ κυρίου ὑπό τινος be commended by someone to the grace of the Lord Ac 15:40. Ἀντιόχεια, ὅθεν ἦσαν παραδεδομένοι τῇ χάριτι τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς τὸ ἔργον Antioch, from which (city they had gone out) commended to the grace of God for the work 14:26.—παρεδίδου τῷ κρίνοντι he committed his cause to the one who judges 1 Pt 2:23.

③ to pass on to another what one knows, of oral or written tradition, hand down, pass on, transmit, relate, teach (Theognis 1, 28f passes on what he himself learned as παῖς, ἀπὸ τῶν ἀγαθῶν; Pla., Phil. 16c, Ep. 12, 359d μῦθον; Demosth. 23, 65; Polyb. 7, 1, 1; 10, 28, 3; Diod S 12, 13, 2 π. τινί τι pass on someth. to future generations εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα; Plut., Nic. 524 [1, 5]; Herm. Wr. 13, 15; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 60 τὴν κατὰ νόμους παραδεδομένην εὐσέβειαν; PMagd 33, 5 of a report to the police concerning the facts in a case; Just.; A I, 54, 1 τὰ μυθοποιηθέντα) Lk 1:2. παραδόσεις Mk 7:13 (of the tradition of the Pharisees, as Jos., Ant. 13, 297; cp. the rabbinic term מָסַר); 1 Cor 11:2. ἔθη Ac 6:14. ὁ ἡμῖν παραδοθεὶς λόγος the teaching handed down to us Pol 7:2 (Just., D. 53, 6). ἡ παραδοθεῖσα αὐτοῖς ἁγία ἐντολή 2 Pt 2:21 (ApcMos 23 τὴν ἐντολήν μου ἣν παρέδωκά σοι). ἡ παραδοθεῖσα τοῖς ἁγίοις πίστις Jd 3. τὰ παραδοθέντα (Philo, Fuga 200) Dg 11:1. παρεδίδοσαν αὐτοῖς φυλάσσειν τὰ δόγματα they handed down to them the decisions to observe Ac 16:4.—(In contrast to παραλαμβάνειν [the same contrast in Diod S 1, 91, 4; 3, 65, 6; 5, 2, 3; PHerm 119 III, 22; BGU 1018, 24; PThéad 8, 25]) pass on 1 Cor 11:23a; 15:3; AcPlCor 2:4; EpilMosq 2. W. a connotation of wonder and mystery (of mysteries and ceremonies: Theon Smyrn., Expos. Rer. Math. p. 14 Hiller τελετὰς παραδιδόναι; Diod S 5, 48, 4 μυστηρίων τελετὴ παραδοθεῖσα; Strabo 10, 3, 7; Wsd 14:15 μυστήρια καὶ τελετάς. ParJer 9:29 τὰ μυστήρια … τῷ Βαρούχ; Just., D. 70, 1 τὰ τοῦ Μίθρου μυστήρια παραδιδόντες; cp. 78, 6. Cp. Herm. Wr. 13, 1 παλιγγενεσίαν; PGM 4, 475) πάντα (πᾶς 1dβ) μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τ. πατρός μου Mt 11:27; Lk 10:22 (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 32 πάτερ … παρέδωκας αὐτῷ [ὁ σὸς ἄνθρωπος is meant] τὴν πᾶσαν ἐξουσίαν; in Vett. Val. 221, 23 astrology is ὑπὸ θεοῦ παραδεδομένη τ. ἀνθρώποις.—For lit. on the saying of Jesus s. under υἱός 2dβ).—S. παράδοσις, end.

④ to make it possible for someth. to happen, allow, permit (Hdt. 5, 67; 7, 18 [subj. ὁ θεός]; X., An. 6, 6, 34 [οἱ θεοί]; Isocr. 5, 118 [οἱ καιροί]; Polyb. 22, 24, 9 τῆς ὥρας παραδιδούσης) ὅταν παραδοῖ ὁ καρπός when the (condition of the) crop permits Mk 4:29.—On the whole word: WPopkes, Christus Traditus, ’67.—M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

⁺ V 467-541-391-364-368=2131 Gn 1,29; 3,6.12(bis); 4,12

to give [τινα] Gn 29,26; id. [τί τινι] Gn 1,29; to give into [τι εἴς τι] Gn 27,17; id. [τινα εἴς τι] Gn 16,5; to grant (of gods) [τί τινι] Gn 30,18; to offer [τί τινι] Ex 10,25; to give to [+inf.] 2 Chr 28,15; to give (a daughter) for a wife [τινα] Gn 34,9; to make sb as [τινα +pred.] 2 Chr 25,16; id. [τινα εἴς τινα] Gn

17,20; to appoint, to establish [τινα] Ex 31,6; to put [τι] Ex 8,19; to place [abs.] Gn 9,2; to grant, to allow [τινα +inf.] Gn 31,7

δότε ἡμῖν σημεῖον give us a sign Ex 7,9; δώσω τιμήν σοι I will pay you Nm 20,19; τίς δώσει (semit., lit. transl. of יתן מי) would that (expressing a wish) Dt 5,29; μὴ δότω ὁ βασιλεὺς κατὰ τοῦ δούλου αὐτοῦ λόγον let not the king bring a charge against his servant 1 Sm 22,15; δώσω αὐτούς... εἰς σωτηρίαν I will put them in safety 2 Chr 12,7; δὸς σημεῖον ἐπί τὰ μέτωπα set a mark on the foreheads Ez 9,4; δοθῆναι ἰσχύν to be strengthened Ez 30,21; φωνὴν ἔδωκαν αἱ νεφέλαι the clouds uttered a

*Jgs 5,11 δώσουσιν they shall give-יתנו נתן for MT יתנו תנה they repeat (deeds, triumphs); *1 Kgs 6,5 ἔδωκεν he set-יתן for MT יבן he built; *1 Chr 9,2 οἱ δεδομένοι the appointed ones?-נתנים/ה for MT הנתינים the Nethinim (ministers of the Temple); *Ez 13,11 δώσω I will give or send-אתנה for MT אתנה אתה you;

*Dn 9,27 δοθήσεται shall be put-תתן נתן for MT תתך נתך is poured out

Cf. HELBING 1928 51-53.191-193; LE BOULLUEC 1989, 127; →NIDNTT; PREISIGKE; TWNT

(→ἀναδίδωμι, ἀνταπο-, ἀντιδίδωμι, ἀποδίδωμι, διαδίδωμι, ἐκδίδωμι, ἐνδίδωμι, ἐπιδίδωμι, καταπροδίδωμι, μεταδίδωμι, παραδίδωμι, προδίδωμι, προσδίδωμι,,)

συγχωρ-έω, [tense] fut.

A

- ήσω X.HG3.2.12

(codd., f.l. for -ῆσαι), Isoc.6.13,

- ήσομαι E.IT 741

, Pl.Tht. 191c, Men.Her.Fr.6, etc.:—come together, meet, πέτραι συγχωροῦσαι the Symplegades, E.IT 124 (lyr.); combine, opp. ἐκχωρέω, Anaxag.15;

σ. ἕτερον ἑτέρῳ Arist.Cael. 297a11

; also συγχωρεῖν λόγοις meet in argument, bandy words with one, E.Hipp. 703; but in Antipho 5.27, σ. τῷ τινων λόγῳ = assent.

II get out of the way, make way, τινι Ar.V. 1516 (anap.) give way, yield, defer to, τινι Id.Lys. 1111 (anap.), Th.1.140, Pl. l.c., etc.;

ταῖσι κατὰ τὸν βίον ἀνάγκαις Democr.289

, cf. E.Fr. 965; Συρηκοσίοισι σ. τῆς ἡγεμονίης withdraw in their favour from the command, Hdt.7.161; ξ. ἀλλήλοις make a compromise, c. inf., Th.3.75; to be in collusion with, connive at,

τοῖς πονηροῖς D.34.52

; ξ. πρός τινας come to terms with them, Th.2.59, 3.27; οὐ ξυγχωρεῖν refuse to come to terms, Id.2.66, cf. 3.96, X.HG7.1.27.

2 accede, assent to, acquiesce in,

τῇ γνώμῃ Hdt.4.148

, Th.7.72; γνώμῃ μιᾷ συνεχωρείτην, c. inf., agreed to do, E.Hec. 125 (anap.); c. acc. et inf., allow that.., Hdt. 2.2, Pl.Phd. 100a;

τοῖσιν εὖ λεχθεῖσι σ. λόγοις E.Hipp. 299

; opp. ἐναντιοῦσθαι, And.3.1;

σ. πάθεσιν ἢ ἐναντιουμένην Pl.Phd. 94b

: abs., agree, acquiesce, assent,

συγχώρει θέλων S.Ph. 1343

, cf. Hdt. 3.83, 4.43, 5.40, Pl.Lg. 794c, D.18.227; τὸ συγκεχωρηκὸς τῆς εὐσεβείας yielding, unexacting temper of piety, Id.21.59:—later in [voice] Pass., to be allowed,

τέως οὐ συνεχωρήθην ἐξελθεῖν POxy.1842.8

(vi A.D.).

3 c. acc. rei, concede, give up,

συγχωρησάντων ταῦτα τῶν Σπαρτιητέων Hdt.9.35

; ταῦτα συγχωρήσεται; E.IT 741;

σ. τούτοισι τἀπιεικῆ Ar.Nu. 1438

, cf. Av. 1685;

σ. τινὶ τὴν εἰρήνην X.HG7.4.10

;

σ. τι περὶ τῆς χώρας Isoc.6.70

; σ. θάνατον ἑαυτῷ τὴν ζημίαν acquiesce in death being his punishment, Din.1.8:—[voice] Med.,

σ. τόπου τισί IGRom.4.921

(Cibyra, ii A.D.):—[voice] Pass.,

τὰ συγχωρηθέντα χρήματα D.38.4

; εἰρήνη, ἡμέρα συγχωρηθεῖσα, Id.18.20, 42.13;

τὰ δ' ἄλλα ὡς συγκεχωρημένα τῇ φύσει τίθεται Thphr.CP2.3.5

, cf. 5.3.3; συγχωρηθείσης τῆς.. γραφῆς the reading being admitted, Gal.16.712; ἡ -χωρηθεῖσα τιμή the agreed price, PGrenf.2.15 ii 9 (ii B.C.), etc.

4 concede or grant in argument,

τί τινι Pl.Lg. 811b

, cf. R. 383c, al.: c. acc. et inf., grant that.., ib. 489d, Tht. 169d, 183b, al.;

σ. ὅτι.. Id.Lg. 705e

;

σ. τάδε, ὡς.. Id.R. 543b

;

σ. τοῦτο, ὡς.. Id.Euthphr. 13c

, al.; σ. τοὺς τόκους agree to accept, D.56.22:—[voice] Pass.,

τὰ συγκεχωρημένα ὑπὸ πάντων Pl.Phlb. 14d

.

5 forgive a debt, D.L. 1.45.

6 allow, c. acc. et inf.,

οἱ παχεῖς [κυκλίσκοι] τὰς.. σάρκας σήπεσθαι συγχωροῦσι Gal.14.47

.

7 impers. συγχωρεῖ, it is agreed, it may be done, ὅπῃ ἂν ξυγχωρῇ as may be agreed, Th.5.40.

8 εἰ συγχωροίη if it were possible, v.l. in X.Eq.9.11.

ἐξαιτ-έω,

A demand or ask for from another, c. dupl. acc.,

τήνδε μ' ἐξαιτεῖ χάριν S.OC 586

, cf. E.Or. 1657, Supp. 120; ἐ. τινὰ πατρός ask her in marriage from.., S.Tr.10; ἐ. τινά demand the surrender of a person, esp. a criminal, Hdt.1.74, cf. D.18.41 ([voice] Pass.), IG22.457b17 (iv B. C.); demand a slave for torture, Antipho6.27, Lys.7.36;

τὸν ἐλεύθερον ἐ. D.29.14

(also ἐ. τὴν βάσανον ib.13);

ἐ. [τινὰ] βασανίζειν Id.37.51

; σμικρὸν ἐ. ask or beg for little, S.OC5;

ἐ. τινὰ ποιεῖν τι Id.OT 1255

, E.Rh. 175.

II [voice] Med., ask for oneself, demand, [voice] Act., Hdt. 1.159,9.87, S.El. 656, etc.; χάριν παρά τινος I.ys.20.31;

τινά Ev.Luc. 22.31

; πέμψον τὸν δαίμονα ὃν ἐξῃτησάμην for whose aid I prayed, PMag.Par.1.434, cf. 1290.

2 in [voice] Med. also, = παραιτοῦμαι, beg off, gain his pardon or release, A.Ag. 662, X.An.1.1.3, Lys.20.15 ([voice] Pass.), Plu.Per.32, etc.;

αὑτὸν ἐξαιτήσεται D.21.99

; also

ἐ. ὑπέρ τινος

make intercession for..,

E.Ba. 360

: c. inf., τοὺς κάτω.. ἐξῃτησάμην τύμβου κυρῆσαι I begged of them to allow me to obtain, Id.Hec. 49, cf. Med. 971.

3 c. acc. rei, avert by begging,

τὰ πρόσθεν σφάλματα Id.Andr.54

;

τὰς γραφὰς παρανόμων Aeschin.3.196

.

ἐπιτρέπω 1 aor. ἐπέτρεψα. Pass.: fut. inf. ἐπιτραπήσεσθαι (Just., A I, 47, 5); 2 aor. pass. ἐπετράπην; pf. ἐπιτέτραμμαι (τρέπω ‘turn/direct toward’; Hom.+).

① to allow someone to do someth., allow, permit (so Pind. et al.) τινί someone w. inf. foll. (X., An. 1, 2, 19, Hell. 6, 3, 9; Epict. 1, 10, 10; 2, 7, 12; PMagd 2, 7 [221 B.C.]; 12, 11; PRyl 120, 16; Job 32:14; 4 Macc 4:18; ParJer 1:4; Jos., Ant. 8, 202; Just., Ath.) Mt 8:21; 19:8; Mk 10:4; Lk 8:32a; 9:59, 61; Ac 21:39; 27:3; 1 Ti 2:12; Dg 10:2; IEph 10:1; IRo 6:3; Hm 4, 1, 4; D 10:7; Ox 840, 12. Without inf. (Pind., O. 3, 36; SIG 260, 16; 360, 15; 34; Just., D. 141, 2; Tat. 20, 1; Ath. 1, 2; 2, 4): ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτοῖς he gave them permission Mk 5:13; Lk 8:32b. ᾧ ἂν αὐτὸς ἐπιτρέψῃ whomever he permits = appoints ISm 8:1. οὐκ ἐμαυτῷ ἐπιτρέψας not on my own initiative Pol 3:1. Abs. (Pind., O. 6, 21; X., Cyr. 5, 5, 9; SIG 490, 10; 591, 36) ἐπέτρεψεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος P. gave his permission J 19:38; cp. Ac 21:40; MPol 7:2. Of God (BGU 451, 10 [I/II A.D.] θεῶν ἐπιτρεπόντων; 248, 15 [cp. Dssm., NB 80=BS 252]; Jos., Ant. 20, 267 κἂν τὸ θεῖον ἐπιτρέπῃ) 1 Cor 16:7; Hb 6:3.—Pass. (SIG 1073, 44; 52; POxy 474, 40) ἐπιτρέπεταί τινι someone is permitted w. inf. foll. (Jos., Ant. 5, 3) Ac 26:1; 28:16; 1 Cor 14:34. Abs. ἐκείνῳ ἐπιτέτραπται it is entrusted to him = it is his duty Hv 2, 4, 3.

② order, instruct (X., An. 6, 5, 11; Arrian, Ind. 23, 5 ἐ. τινί; Cass. Dio, Fgm. 40, 5 Boiss. Cod.; PLond 1173, 3; Jos., Vi. 138) w. dat. of pers. and inf. 1 Cl 1:3.—B. 1340. Freq. as v.l. for ἐπιστρέφω.—M-M.

ἵστημι (Hom.+, ins, pap [Mayser 353]; LXX [Thackeray 247f]; pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph., apolog. exc. Ar.) and also ἱστάνω (since I B.C. SIG 1104, 26 ἱστανόμενος; pap [Mayser, loc. cit., with ἀνθιστάνω documented here as early as III B.C.]; Epict. 3, 12, 2; LXX [Ezk 17:14; Thackeray, loc. cit.]; later wr. in Psaltes 236) Ro 3:31; Hs 8, 1, 10 (s. Whittaker on 8, 1, 8; s. B-D-F §93; Mlt-H. 202). Fut. στήσω; 1 aor. ἔστησα; 2 aor. ἔστην, impv. στῆθι, inf. στῆναι, ptc. στάς; pf. ἕστηκα ( I stand), ptc. ἑστηκώς, ός and ἑστώς En 12:3; JosAs 7:2; J 12:29,-ῶσα J 8:9 v.l., neut. ἑστώς Rv 14:1 v.l. (s. B-D-F §96; W-S. §14, 5; Mlt-H. 222) and ἑστός, inf. always ἑστάναι; plpf. εἱστήκειν ( I stood) or ἱστήκειν GPt 2:3, third pl. εἱστήκεισαν Mt 12:46; J 18:18; Ac 9:7; Rv 7:11 (W-H. spell it ἱστ. everywhere); ἑστάκαμεν w. act. mng. 1 Macc 11:34; fut. mid. στήσομαι Rv 18:15. Pass.: 1 fut. σταθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐστάθην (PEg² 65). S. στήκω. Trans.: A. Intr.: B, C, D.

A. trans. (pres., impf., fut., 1 aor. act.; s. B-D-F §97, 1; Mlt-H. 241) gener. ‘put, place, set’.

① to cause to be in a place or position, set, place, bring, allow to come τινά someone, lit. ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ Ac 5:27. εἰς αὐτούς before them 22:30. ἐκ δεξιῶν τινος at someone’s right (hand) Mt 25:33. ἐν μέσῳ in the midst, among 18:2; Mk 9:36; J 8:3. ἐνώπιόν τινος before someone Ac 6:6. Also κατενώπιόν τινος Jd 24. ἐπί τι upon someth. Mt 4:5; Lk 4:9. παρά τινι beside someone 9:47.

② to propose someone for an obligation, put forward, propose, lit. (e.g. Just., A I, 60, 3 Μωυσέα … τύπον σταυροῦ … στῆσαι ἐπὶ τῇ ἁγίᾳ σκηνῇ) τινά for a certain purpose: the candidates for election to the apostleship Ac 1:23. μάρτυρας ψευδεῖς 6:13 (cp. Mel., P. 93, 700 ψευδομάρτυρες).

③ to set up or put into force, establish, fig. ext. of 1 (cp. Gen 26:3 τὸν ὅρκον; Ex 6:4) τὴν ἰδίαν δικαιοσύνην Ro 10:3. τὸ δεύτερον (opp. ἀναιρεῖν τὸ πρῶτον, a ref. to sacrificial system) Hb 10:9.—Of legal enforcement κύριε, μὴ στήσῃς αὐτοῖς ταύτην τ. ἁμαρτίαν Lord, do not hold this sin against them Ac 7:60 (contrast ἀφίημι 1 Macc 13:38f; 15:5; Stephen’s expression=ἄφες Lk 23:34; s. Beginn. IV, ad loc.).

④ to validate someth. that is in force or in practice, reinforce validity of, uphold, maintain, validate τὶ someth. fig. ext. of 1 (1 Macc 2:27 τὴν διαθήκην) τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν validate or maintain your own tradition Mk 7:9. νόμον ἱστάνομεν we uphold (the) law Ro 3:31 (s. καταργέω 2).

⑤ to cause to be steadfast, make someone stand δυνατεῖ ὁ κύριος στῆσαι αὐτόν Ro 14:4.

⑥ to specify contractually

ⓐ set/fix a time a period of time ἡμέραν (s. ἡμέρα 3a) Ac 17:31.

ⓑ determine a monetary amount οἱ δὲ ἔστησαν αὐτῷ τριάκοντα ἀργύρια Mt 26:15 (=Zech 11:12 ἔστησαν τὸν μισθόν μου τριάκοντα ἀργύρους), presents a special problem for interpreters because of the author’s theological and narrative interests, which prompt him to connect an allusion here to Zech 11:12 in anticipation of a fulfillment statement at Mt 27:9f, which in haggadic fashion draws on Zech 11:13 in the longer form of the Mt and Jer 32 (Mt 39):7–9 (s. JDoeve, Jewish Hermeneutics in the Synoptic Gospels and Acts, ’54, 185–87). Jer 39:9 and Zech 11:12 use the verb ἱ. in the sense weigh out on scales (Hom.; X., Cyr. 8, 2, 21, Mem. 1, 1, 9 al.; GDI p. 870, ⁿ49 A [Ephesus VI B.C.] 40 minas ἐστάθησαν; Is 46:6; Jer 39:9; 2 Esdr 8:25), and some (e.g. BWeiss, HHoltzmann, JWeiss; FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 227f; Field, Notes 19f) interpret Mt 26:15 in this sense. Of course Mt’s readers would know that coinage of their time was not ‘weighed out’ and would understand ἱ. in the sense of striking a bargain (ἵστημι=set a price, make an offer, close a bargain: Herodas 7, 68 pair of shoes; BGU 1116, 8 [I B.C.]; 912, 25 [I A.D.]; PRainer 206, 10 [II A.D.] κεφάλαιον), they set out (=offered, allowed) for him (=paid him) 30 silver coins (Wlh., OHoltzmann, Schniewind), but the more sophisticated among them would readily recognize the obsolete mng. Ac 7:60 is sometimes interpreted in a related sense, but the absence of a direct object of amount paid suggests that the pass. is better placed in 3 above.

B. intr., aor. and fut. forms

① to desist from movement and be in a stationary position, stand still, stop (Hom., Aristot.; Philostrat., Ep. 36, 2 ὁ ποταμὸς στήσεται; TestSol 7:3 οὕτως ἔστη ἡ αὔρα) Lk 24:17. στὰς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐφώνησεν αὐτούς Mt 20:32.—Mk 10:49; Lk 7:14; 17:12; 18:40. στῆναι τὸ ἅρμα Ac 8:38. ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔστησαν Rv 18:17; cp. vs. 15. ἔστησαν ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τοῦ σπηλαίου GJs 19:2. ἔστη ἐπὶ τόπου πεδινοῦ he took his stand on a level place Lk 6:17. Of a star ἐστάθη ἐπάνω οὗ ἦν τὸ παιδίον Mt 2:9; also ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ παιδίου GJs 21:3. Of a flow of blood come to an end ἔστη ἡ ῥύσις τ. αἵματος Lk 8:44 (cp. Ex 4:25 [though HKosmala, Vetus Test. 12, ’62, 28 renders it as an emphatic εἶναι] Heraclid. Pont., Fgm. 49 W.; POxy 1088, 21 [I A.D.]; Cyranides p. 117 note γυναικὶ … αἷμα ἵστημι παραχρῆμα). στῆθι stand Js 2:3. ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ἔστη ἄνω his hand remained (motionless) upraised GJs 18:3 (not pap).

② to come up in the presence of others, come up, stand, appear ἔμπροσθέν τινος before someone Mt 27:11; Lk 21:36. Also ἐνώπιόν τινος Ac 10:30; GJs 11:2 (κατενώπιον TestSol 22:13; Just., D. 127, 3) or ἐπί τινος: σταθήσεσθε you will have to appear Mt 10:18 v.l.; Mk 13:9; ἐπί τοῦ παλατίου AcPl Ha 9, 20. στῆθι εἰς τὸ μέσον Lk 6:8; cp. vs. 8b; J 20:19, 26 (Vi. Aesopi I c. 6 p. 243, 15 Αἴσωπος στὰς εἰς τὸ μέσον ἀνέκραξεν). Also ἐν μέσῳ Lk 24:36; Ac 17:22; Ox 1 verso, 11 (s. Unknown Sayings, 69–71). ἔστη εἰς τὸ κριτήριον she stood before the court GJs 15:2. Cp. J 21:4; Rv 12:18; Lk 7:38. Step up or stand to say someth. or make a speech Lk 18:11. Cp. 19:8; Ac 2:14; 5:20; 11:13 al. ἔστησαν … προσδοκῶντες τὸν Ζαχαρίαν they stood waiting for Z. GJs 24:1. Pract. in the sense of the pf. δυνάμενοι … ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ στῆναι (the cult images) which could not remain standing AcPl Ha 1, 20 (cp. ἵστατο δένδρον κυπάρισσος TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 17 [Stone p. 6]; ὁ τόπος ἐν ᾧ ἱστάμεθα GrBar 6:13).

③ to stand up against, resist, w. πρὸς and acc. offer resistance (Thu. 5, 104) Eph 6:11; abs. resist (Ex 14:13) vs. 13. (Cp. the term στάσις in the sense of ‘rebellion’.)

④ stand firm so as to remain stable, stand firm, hold one’s ground (Ps 35:13) in battle (X., An. 1, 10, 1) Eph 6:14. σταθήσεται will stand firm Ro 14:4a. τίς δύναται σταθῆναι; Rv 6:17. εἰς ἣν στῆτε stand fast in it (Goodsp., Probs. 198) 1 Pt:12. Of house, city, or kingdom Mt 12:25f; Mk 3:24f; Lk 11:18. Cp. Mk 3:26. The OT expr. (Dt 19:15) ἵνα ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων ἢ τριῶν σταθῇ πᾶν ῥῆμα Mt 18:16; 2 Cor 13:1.

⑤ come to a standing position, stand up ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας on one’s feet (Ezk 2:1) Ac 26:16; Rv 11:11. Abs. Ac 3:8.

C. intr., perf. and plupf.

① to be in a standing position, I stand, I stood of bodily position, e.g. of a speaker J 7:37; Ac 5:25, of hearers J 12:29 or spectators Mt 27:47; Lk 23:35; Ac 1:11, of accusers Lk 23:10. Cp. J 18:5, 16, 18ab, 25; 19:25; Ac 16:9 al.

② to be at a place, stand (there), be (there), w. the emphasis less on ‘standing’ than on ‘being, existing’.

ⓐ position indicated by adv. of place ἔξω Mt 12:46f; Lk 8:20; 13:25. μακρόθεν Lk 18:13. ἀπὸ μακρόθεν at a distance 23:49; Rv 18:10. ἐκεῖ Mk 11:5. ὅπου 13:14. ὧδε Mt 16:28; 20:6b. αὐτοῦ Lk 9:27; ἀπέναντι AcPl Ha 3, 30.

ⓑ w. place indicated by a prep. ἐκ δεξιῶν τινος at the right (hand) of someone or someth. Lk 1:11; Ac 7:55f (HOwen, NTS 1, ’54/55, 224–26). ἐν αὐτοῖς among them Ac 24:21; w. ἐν and dat. of place Mt 20:3; 24:15; J 11:56; Rv 19:17. ἐν μέσῳ J 8:9 v.l. μέσος ὑμῶν 1:26 (v.l. στήκει). ἐπί w. gen. (X., Cyr. 3, 3, 66; Apollodorus [II B.C.]: 244 Fgm. 209 Jac. ἐπὶ τ. θύρας) Ac 5:23; 21:40; 24:20; 25:10; Rv 10:5, 8; AcPl Ha 7, 37; w. dat. Ac 7:33; w. acc. Mt 13:2; Rv 3:20; 7:1; 14:1; 15:2; GJs 5:2 (ἕστηκας codd., ἔστης pap). παρά w. acc. of place Lk 5:1f. πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης J 6:22. πρό w. gen. of place Ac 12:14. πρός w. dat. of place J 20:11. σύν τινι Ac 4:14. μετά τινος AcPl Ha 11, 3. κύκλῳ τινός around someth. Rv 7:11. W. ἐνώπιον (functioning as prep.) ἐνώπιόν τινος Rv 7:9; 11:4; 12:4; 20:12.

ⓒ abs. (Epict. 4, 1, 88 ἑστῶσα of the citadel, simply standing there; Tat. 26, 2 παρατρέχοντας μὲν ὑμᾶς, ἑστῶτα δὲ τὸν αἰῶνα) Mt 26:73; J 1:35; 3:29; 20:14; Ac 22:25. τὰ πρόβατα εἱστήκει the sheep stood still GJs 18:2 (not pap). The verb standing alone in the sense stand around idle (Eur., Iph. Aul. 861; Aristoph., Av. 206, Eccl. 852; Herodas 4, 44) Mt 20:6a. ἀργός can be added (Aristoph., Eccl. 879f, Pax 256 ἕστηκας ἀργός) vs. 6a v.l., 6b (w. the question cp. Eubulus Com., Fgm. 15, 1 K. τί ἕστηκας ἐν πύλαις; Herodas 5, 40). W. modifying words (Pla., Phdr. 275d ἕστηκε ὡς ζῶντα τὰ ἔκγονα) εἱστήκεισαν ἐνεοί they stood there speechless Ac 9:7. ὡς ἐσφαγμένον Rv 5:6. cp. Ac 26:6. εἱστήκει ἀπεκδεχόμενος AcPl Ant 13, 22 (=Aa I, 237, 5).

③ to stand in attendance on someone, attend upon, be the servant of Rv 8:2 (RCharles, Rv ICC vol. 1, p. 225).

④ stand firm in belief, stand firm of personal commitment in gener. (opp. πεσεῖν), fig. ext. of 1, 1 Cor 10:12; 2 Cl 2:6. τ. πίστει ἕστηκας you stand firm because of your faith Ro 11:20; cp. 2 Cor 1:24. ὸ̔ς ἕστηκεν ἐν τ. καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἑδραῖος one who stands firm in his heart 1 Cor 7:37. ὁ θεμέλιος ἕστηκεν the foundation stands (unshaken) 2 Ti 2:19 (Stob. 4, 41, 60 [vol. V, p. 945]: Apelles, when he was asked why he represented Tyche [Fortune] in a sitting position, answered οὐχ ἕστηκεν γάρ=because she can’t stand, i.e. has no stability; Hierocles 11, 441 ἑστῶτος τοῦ νόμου=since the law stands firm [unchanged]; Procop. Soph., Ep. 47 μηδὲν ἑστηκὸς κ. ἀκίνητον; 75).

⑤ to be in a condition or state, stand or be in someth., fig. ext. of 1; grace (Hierocles 12, 446 ἐν ἀρετῇ) Ro 5:2; within the scope of the gospel 1 Cor 15:1; in truth J 8:44.

D. intr., pres. mid. to have a beginning, begin, calendaric expression (as old as Hom.) μὴν ἱστάμενος the month just beginning (oft. ins) MPol 21—B. 835. DELG. M-M. TW.

αἰδ-έομαι, and poet. [full] αἴδομαι Hom., etc., [dialect] Ep. imper.

A

αἰδεῖο Il.24.503

, Od.9.269; part.

αἰδόμενος Hom.

and Trag. (lyr.); imper.

αἴδεο Il.21.74

: [tense] impf.

ᾐδοῦντο A.Pers. 810

, etc.,

αἰδέοντο Pi.P.9.41

, poet.

αἴδετο Il.21.468

, APl.4.106: [tense] fut.

αἰδέσομαι Il.22.124

, [dialect] Att., [dialect] Ep.

αἰδέσσομαι Od.14.388

;

αἰδεσθήσομαι D.C.45.44

, Gal.1.62, ([etym.] ἐπ-) E.IA 900: [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ᾐδεσάμην, [dialect] Ep.

αἰδ- Od.21.28

, [dialect] Att. (v. sub fin.), [dialect] Ep. imper.

αἴδεσσαι Il.9.640

; [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.

ᾐδέσθην Hom.

, etc., and in Prose, [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3pl.

αἴδεσθεν Il.7.93

: [tense] pf. ᾔδεσμαι (v. sub fin.): [voice] Act. only in καταἰδέω, q.v.:— to be ashamed, c. inf.,

αἴδεσθεν μὲν ἀνήνασθαι δεῖσαν δ' ὑποδέχθαι Il.7.93

;

αἰδέομαι δὲ μίσγεσθ' ἀθανάτοισι 24.90

;

αἰ. γὰρ γυμνοῦσθαι Od.6.221

: less freq. c. part.,

αἴδεσαι μὲν πατέρα προλείπων S.Aj. 506

, cf. Plu.Aem.35: c. dat.,

μὴ αἰδοῦ τῷ εὐκόλῳ Philostr.Ep. 19

: abs., αἰδεσθείς from a sense of shame, Il.17.95.

2 mostly c. acc., stand in awe of, fear, esp. in moral sense,

αἰδεῖο θεούς Il.24.503

, Od.9.269;

Τρῶας Il.6.442

, cf. Od.2.65, etc.; ἀλλήλους αἰδεῖσθε show a sense of regard one for another, Il.5.530;

οὐδὲ θεῶν ὄπιν αἰδέσατο Od.21.28

; αἴδεσσαι μέλαθρον respect the house, Il.9.640; freq. of respect for suppliants, Il.22.124, cf. Hdt.7.141;

ἐχθρὸν ὧδ' αἰδεῖ νέκυν

;

S.Aj. 1356

;

τόνδ' ὅρκον αἰδεσθείς Id.OT 647

, cf. 1426:—in Pi. P.4.173 αἰδεσθέντες ἀλκάν regarding their reputation for valour, i.e. from self-respect, cf.

ἑωυτὸν μάλιστα αἰδεῖσθαι Democr.264

: abs., τὸ αἰδεῖσθαι self-respect, Id.179; in Prose,,

Δία αἰδεσθέντες Hdt.9.7

. ά; φοβοῦμαί γε.. τοὺς μοχθηρούς ([etym.] οὐ γὰρ δήποτε εἴποιμ' ἂν ὥς γε αἰδοῦμαι) Pl.Lg. 886a, cf. Euthphr. 12b,Phdr. 254e; later

αἰ. ἐπί τινι D.H.6.92

; ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως have compassion upon, show mercy, Plu. Cim.2.